Time is ticking and the Government needs to drive a series of projects in collaboration with the private sector, and therefore meet their target of increasing investment in public infrastructure from 2.5% to 3.5% of Gross Domestic Product so that Chile can achieve its long-awaited goal of becoming a developed country. For 2015, there are eight projects that are expected to be awarded before March 2016.
Following the announcement by President Bachelet of the Ministry of Public Works' (MOP) new Concessionary Plan, a host of business opportunities has opened up to local and foreign investors. This plan includes tenders for public jobsites for a total of US$ 1.5 billion to March 2016, as well as modifying regulations in order to accelerate private investment and strengthen regulatory bodies.
The concessionary agenda for this year includes the tender and receipt of offers for eight projects worth a total of US$ 1.513 billion through to March 11th of next year. This includes a renewed tender for two airports (Carriel Sur, BíoBío Region; and Diego Aracena, Tarapacá Region), improvements to highways (Nogales-Puchuncaví, Route G21, the Nahuelbuta highway and Route 66), as well as a concession for the Melóntunnel and the La Punilla reservoir.
Added to this are three major jobsites that will begin with a technical feasibility process: building the missing section of dual carriageway between Antofagasta and Iquique for Route 5; a tender for a new highway between Santiago-Marga and Marga-Quillota; and the new highway between Rancagua and Alhué, which will connect the Rancagua bypass with the Camino de la Frutahighway.
The Government's proposal is fairly ambitious and time is ticking. The aim is to increase investment in public infrastructure from 2.5% to 3.5% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with a portfolio of projects worth around US$ 9.5 billion in six years (from 2014-2020), within the framework of the MOP's "Infrastructure, Development and Inclusion: Chile 30.30" plan. This is the cornerstone of a program that aims to increase per capita income to US$ 30,000 by the year 2030. "It's a demanding and challenging plan as we're hoping to invest half of the total that has been invested over the last 20 years", says Eric Martin, the Concessions Coordinator for the MOP.
In the last five years, the Ministry of Public Works (MOP) has developed around US$ 4.29 billion of jobsites using the concessionary system, leveraging growth and development for the country. However, Chile is still in the bottom half for infrastructure, according to indicators from the Global Economic Forum.
For Carlos Cruz, the ex-Minister of Public Works and current expert on the Council for Infrastructure Policy (CIP), to go from 2.5% to 3.5% "is a significant effort that can't be taken on by the public sector alone, without abandoning other social objectives", he says. However, for there to be genuine interest from the private sector the project needs to represent an attractive business opportunity, with clear rules and a long-term return, as was apparently the case with the new tender for the Arturo Merino Benitez airport (AMB), which involved around US$ 650 million of investment. "What unsettles investors most is the lack of direction for investments in general and the lack of certainty regarding the continuity of the concessionary model that has prevailed so successfully in Chile for the last 20 years", explains the CIP advisor.
Chile needs to develop more and better infrastructure, and the concessionary system is a valid system. They're the thoughts of Eduardo Saldivia, president of the Association of Concessionaries for Public Infrastructure Works, better known as COPSA. "Local and foreign investors are interested in investing in Chile, and that was shown with the airport tender. The jobs that the Government has announced will attract a lot of participants", he believes.
With regards to the new regulatory body, he adds, "we hope they have enough muscle to make sure things move quickly for the good of everyone".
One of the most attractive projects in terms of subsidies and additional business will be located in Chile's VIII Region, in the districts of San Fabián and Coihueco. The project is a multipurpose reservoir in Punilla, which will serve for irrigation but could also be used to generate hydroelectric power. It's an interesting project because it represents around US$ 400 million of investment. "As a business model it's attractive because there's a subsidy of around 58% and it's a tender for storing and distributing water. As a plus, there's the possibility to generate electricity", explains Eric Martin, the Concessions Coordinator for the MOP.
At the time of publishing, the qualifying companies were AstaldiConcessioni, Consorcio BBB, IngenierosCivilesAsociados, SaliniImpregilo andCintraFerrovial. The tender is expected to begin in April of this year, with offers being received during the third quarter. The benefit of this project is that it improves the certainty of being able to irrigate local land, as it will be possible to irrigate a total of approximately 70 hectares, with at least 85% certainty.
"Punilla is a sophisticated and complex initiative. The difference will come from whoever can lower their costs as much as possible, that's where efficiency will come from. In the future we hope to launch a full program of reservoirs with energy generation so that we can group together two or three of these projects and make it more attractive for investors", suggests Eric Martin.
In addition to this, the remodelling of the airports in the north and south of the country are two attractive opportunities for investment as there is proven demand and there has been sustained growth in the number of flights. The second tender for the Carriel Sur airport – with an investment of US$ 45 million – consists of expanding, relocating and improving different facilities within the airport relating to operations, building and improving access roads, internal traffic, and parking, among others.
The tender for the Diego Aracena airport –located 41 kilometres to the south of the city of Iquique – represents a strategic project given its location and the high demand driven mainly by the mining industry, as well as by tourism, fishing and trade within the area. The concessionary contract includes maintenance of all of the sites, both existing as well as the new sites that the concessionaire must develop.
Improving connectivity within the country is a permanent challenge, especially in terms of reinforcing structural axes in the big cities, with quality standards that guarantee safety and allow traffic to flow. In Martin's opinion, this is a great opportunity for private investors, especially when there is a clear projection of demand that provides certainty of future income.
That is the logic followed by the four projects that the Government hopes to put out to tender and execute this year. The new tender for Route G-21, which provides access to the ski resorts in north-east Santiago, now comes with a change in its format regardingmaintenance demands, the payment of fines, and the level of service.
"It's a great offer for companies that specialize in clearing winter roads and that can form a partnership with construction companies and operators", highlights Martin.
It is hoped that extending the Nahuelbuta highway (Route 180), which connects two regions (BíoBío and La Araucanía), by 55 kilometres will have a positive impact by connecting a highly-transited area that currently exceeds its capacity and has poor levels of safety. The project also includes widening the road to become a dual carriageway, as well as improving safety conditions, lighting and traffic signs.
The project to improve and maintain the Camino de la Fruta highway (Route 66) corresponds to almost 138 kilometres of interurban road. The highway starts at the intersection with Route 5 Sur (in the Pelequén area) in the VI Region and crosses through part of the Metropolitan Region before finishing at the access road to the Port of San Antonio in the V Region. The first 25 kilometres, from a total of 138, will be dual carriageway. "If certain conditions are met, the State might review the option to continue building the rest of the highway as dual carriageway", advises the Concessions Coordinator for the MOP.
In general terms, the advantage of the vast majority of these projects is the long-term stability that is provided once the contract is agreed, and that is very attractive for investors. However, if a subsidy is required, "those who run the project will be subject to very rigorous public scrutiny, with which they must provide evidence of efficiency and effectiveness, as well as the reasonableness of their profit margins", believes Carlos Cruz.
Many construction companies and operators look to form partnerships in order to participate in these tenders so as to lower the costs and achieve a level of profitability, as well as to take advantage of collective expertise. For example, the Punilla reservoir with power generation is a complex project. On the one hand, the large cement companies will participate in the tender, while on the other the large energy companies will also look to be involved.
For the general manager of Bechtel, Paige Wilson, companies and joint ventures that combine technical skills and knowledge allow businesses to operate more effectively. In fact, it is common to see contractors working in consortiums with raw material suppliers (for example, concrete) and equipment manufacturers (such as turbines) in order to carry out a project, including once it is operational, given the need for maintenance that stems from the service contracts.
However, the way in which partnerships are sought is a problem between private companies, and it is difficult for the state to intervene in such matters, experts suggest.
The infrastructure projects included in the Government's new concessionary plan have elements that are attractive for investors, whether they are local or foreign, and whether they participate directly or as part of a consortium. More than US$ 1.5 billion will be injected into the national economy and will go to improve the country's connectivity as well as the quality of life for many Chileans.