{"id":9722,"date":"2016-07-14T18:09:15","date_gmt":"2016-07-14T21:09:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.amchamchile.cl\/?p=148111"},"modified":"2016-07-15T18:35:24","modified_gmt":"2016-07-15T21:35:24","slug":"ley-de-reciclaje-actores-expectantes-a-la-normativa","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/ley-de-reciclaje-actores-expectantes-a-la-normativa\/","title":{"rendered":"[:es]Ley de reciclaje: actores expectantes a la normativa[:en]The recycling act: stakeholders expectant about new regulation[:]"},"content":{"rendered":"

[:es]Faltan 12 meses para que est\u00e9 lista la norma, y las empresas, m\u00e1s que certezas, tienen dudas sobre su aplicaci\u00f3n: cu\u00e1les ser\u00e1n las metas; c\u00f3mo se formalizar\u00e1 la industria y qu\u00e9 incentivos se otorgar\u00e1n para desarrollar un mercado que demande material reciclado.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

El pasado 17 de mayo la presidenta Michelle Bachelet promulg\u00f3 la Ley de Fomento al Reciclaje y de Responsabilidad Extendida del Productor, un importante paso para disminuir la cantidad de residuos que se generan en el pa\u00eds -los que hoy alcanzan los 17 millones de toneladas- y lograr que no terminen en rellenos sanitarios o vertederos.<\/p>\n

La normativa obligar\u00e1 al reciclaje y valorizaci\u00f3n de seis productos prioritarios -aceites lubricantes, aparatos el\u00e9ctricos y electr\u00f3nicos, bater\u00edas, neum\u00e1ticos, envases y embalajes, y pilas- fijando metas de recolecci\u00f3n a las empresas productoras, fabricantes e importadoras a recuperar un porcentaje de ellos, al fin de su vida \u00fatil.<\/p>\n

Esta disposici\u00f3n -que act\u00faa bajo la premisa de que \u201cel que contamina paga\u201d- har\u00e1 que la industria del reciclaje se formalice y deje de componerse de acciones voluntarias, adem\u00e1s de \u201casegurar un volumen suficiente de residuos recuperados para las firmas que se dedican a reciclar o valorizar productos\u201d, se\u00f1ala Pablo Badenier, Ministro de Medio Ambiente.<\/p>\n

\"BADENIER\"
\nPablo Badenier, Ministro del Medio Ambiente<\/em><\/p>\n

Para la recolecci\u00f3n de los residuos prioritarios existir\u00e1 una meta fijada anualmente por esta cartera. Y en caso de incumplimiento, las sanciones ser\u00e1n de hasta 10 UTA (Unidades Tributarias Anuales), el equivalente a aproximadamente $ 5.400 millones.<\/p>\n

A poco tiempo de su promulgaci\u00f3n, a\u00fan restan12 meses para que se elaboren los decretos respectivos para cada producto, sus metas de recuperaci\u00f3n y valorizaci\u00f3n, obligaciones sobre etiquetado, entrega separada, ecodise\u00f1o e instalaciones de recepci\u00f3n y almacenamiento, entre otras.<\/p>\n

Por ello, hoy existen m\u00e1s dudas que certezas entre los sectores involucrados. Por ejemplo, no saben qu\u00e9 aspectos se considerar\u00e1n para establecer las metas de recolecci\u00f3n, de qu\u00e9 forma se apoyar\u00e1 el desarrollo del mercado de productos reutilizados y c\u00f3mo ser\u00e1 el rol de los municipios en la gesti\u00f3n de los desechos domiciliarios. Esto, considerando que las metas son ambiciosas, ya que esperan escalar de 10% de residuos domiciliarios reciclados a 30%.<\/p>\n

Desde la Asociaci\u00f3n Gremial de Industriales del Pl\u00e1stico (ASIPLA) se\u00f1alan que la ley posiciona a Chile a la vanguardia en Latinoam\u00e9rica y que podr\u00eda, a mediano plazo, hacer de nuestro pa\u00eds un l\u00edder en tasas de reciclaje de productos prioritarios. No obstante, Santiago Muzzo, presidente de Asipla, se\u00f1ala que se debe estar atento a los objetivos que se estipulen en las metas de recolecci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

\"Santiago\"
\nSantiago Muzzo, presidente de la Asociaci\u00f3n Gremial de Industriales del Pl\u00e1stico (ASIPLA)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cEs clave para el \u00e9xito de esta ley que todos los envases, diferenciados por sus materiales e incluyendo las diversas categor\u00edas de pl\u00e1stico, sean considerados en la ley con metas individuales y no agregadas por tipo de envase. As\u00ed se asegurar\u00eda que de aqu\u00ed a cinco a\u00f1os s\u00f3lo perduren los envases medioambientalmente m\u00e1s eficientes\u201d, explica Muzzo. Advierte que una meta mal establecida podr\u00eda \u201cponerle la soga al cuello a la ley\u201d.<\/p>\n

Otro punto importante, plantea, es la creaci\u00f3n de la demanda de material reciclado. Un aspecto que la ley no resuelve del todo. Para el dirigente gremial, la normativa deber\u00eda contemplar el surgimiento de nuevos mercados o la demanda agregada de estos materiales para nuevas aplicaciones o productos. Esto generar\u00eda un impulso a los recicladores en nuevas tecnolog\u00edas para responder a estas demandas.<\/p>\n

\u201cSi esto no se desarrolla, probablemente la mayor parte del pl\u00e1stico recolectado sea valorizado energ\u00e9ticamente, es decir como combustible para centrales de generaci\u00f3n el\u00e9ctrica, lo cual no es la mejor alternativa\u201d, precisa.<\/p>\n

El desaf\u00edo que imponen las metas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Otro actor que ve con grandes expectativas las precisiones que considere la ley, es la C\u00e1mara de la Industria del Neum\u00e1tico de Chile A.G. (CINC), dado que, contrario a sus esfuerzos permanentes en este \u00e1mbito, la tasa de reciclaje del sector es baja.<\/p>\n

\u201cEn Chile se producen entre 150 y 160 mil toneladas de neum\u00e1ticos fuera de uso al a\u00f1o. Desde los destinados a bicicletas, que s\u00f3lo pesan gramos, hasta los que se utilizan en miner\u00eda y que pesan m\u00e1s de cuatro toneladas. Sin embargo, no se valorizan (reciclan) m\u00e1s de siete mil toneladas al a\u00f1o, lo que significa 5% del total\u201d, sostiene Jos\u00e9 Browne, gerente general de la asociaci\u00f3n gremial.<\/p>\n

Esta realidad contrasta con la de los pa\u00edses pertenecientes a la OCDE (Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n y el Desarrollo Econ\u00f3micos), donde se recicla el 100% de los desechos de la industria.<\/p>\n

Por esta raz\u00f3n, Browne ve con preocupaci\u00f3n el futuro y le parece un punto cr\u00edtico lo que va a ocurrir en la pr\u00e1ctica, ya que muchas leyes se convierten desde el punto de vista de las normas \u201cen algo inaplicable\u201d.<\/p>\n

Para el ejecutivo, lo importante es que las metas sean realistas, pero al mismo tiempo que promuevan el desarrollo de la industria del reciclaje de neum\u00e1ticos.<\/p>\n

\u201cSi las metas son demasiado bajas con lo poco que tenemos se va a poder cumplir y nadie va a tener inter\u00e9s en invertir porque no va a haber demanda. Por otro lado, si fueran muy altas nadie las va a poder cumplir y probablemente los pocos que puedan reciclar o manejar neum\u00e1ticos van a cobrar lo que quieran\u201d, explica.<\/p>\n

\"Jose
\nJos\u00e9 Browne, gerente general de la C\u00e1mara de la Industria del Neum\u00e1tico de Chile A.G. CINC<\/em><\/p>\n

Con incentivos adecuados, estos desechos podr\u00edan aportar a otras industrias relevantes en la econom\u00eda, tal como ocurre en pa\u00edses desarrollados, donde m\u00e1s de la mitad de los neum\u00e1ticos se reciclan como combustible, expone Browne. En Chile no debiera ser distinto porque las cementeras est\u00e1n interesadas en el tema. \u201cEn el pa\u00eds tenemos una tremenda industria de celulosa y papel cuyo proceso aceptar\u00eda el neum\u00e1tico como combustible. La ley ser\u00eda el incentivo para que \u00e9stas hagan rentable usar neum\u00e1ticos para estos efectos. Hoy, por su costo, no lo es\u201d.<\/p>\n

Browne no es el \u00fanico preocupado por las metas. El abogado Patricio Leyton, socio de Ferrada Nehme y especializado en Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, estima que la ley, una vez que comience a operar, tiene \u201cun buen pron\u00f3stico\u201d.<\/p>\n

El experto, estima que la fase inicial ser\u00e1 menos compleja, pero una vez que las metas de reciclaje vayan aumentando, la tarea se ir\u00e1 tornando m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil, sobre todo, si se considera que los residuos peligrosos -por su naturaleza- deber\u00edan ser los primeros en lograr una tasa de reciclaje de 100%, por ejemplo, las pilas, las bater\u00edas y los aceites lubricantes.<\/p>\n

\u201cLa puesta en marcha de la ley se dar\u00e1 en un plazo de entre dos a cuatro a\u00f1os. Va a ser muy sencillo recoger los productos malos, antiguos y viejos, el problema se puede dar cuando la obligaci\u00f3n no sea del 10% ni el 20% ni el 30%, sino del 50%\u201d, sostiene. En pa\u00edses como Alemania reciclan el 100% de sus residuos y hoy trabajan en prevenci\u00f3n\u201d, comenta.<\/p>\n

La visi\u00f3n de los recicladores industriales<\/strong><\/p>\n

Los productores o importadores est\u00e1n obligados por la ley a dar un destino diferente a sus productos, pero tambi\u00e9n hay otros actores que ser\u00e1n afectados de una u otra forma por la ley, como los municipios, y las plantas de reciclaje industrial.<\/p>\n

\"Alejandri\"
\nAlejandro Navech, gerente general de la Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de la Industria del Reciclaje (ANIR)<\/em><\/p>\n

Desde la vereda de quienes se encargan del pre tratamiento, tratamiento y valorizaci\u00f3n de los residuos s\u00f3lidos reciclables, Alejandro Navech, gerente general de la Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de la Industria del Reciclaje A.G, ANIR, comenta que la regulaci\u00f3n es positiva para ellos en el sentido que aumentar\u00e1 el volumen de algunos residuos que no pod\u00edan recolectar porque estaban en el \u00e1rea municipal, totalmente contaminados, al no haber sido separados desde su origen.<\/p>\n

No obstante, advierte de ciertos riesgos en algunos temas que la ley a\u00fan no precisa. \u201cSi en las mesas de trabajo con el ministerio se decide que hay una sola meta nacional de recolecci\u00f3n que integra productos industriales y domiciliarios, los productores querr\u00e1n intervenir con los sistemas de gesti\u00f3n en el mundo industrial donde este tema est\u00e1 b\u00e1sicamente solucionado. Si no hay metas diferenciadas con trazabilidad separadas hay un riesgo enorme que los sistemas de gesti\u00f3n se interpongan a los modelos comerciales actuales. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 agregar intermediarios cuando ya se tiene un trato directo?\u201d, cuestiona Navech.<\/p>\n

La recolecci\u00f3n domiciliaria tambi\u00e9n preocupa a la ANIR, pues si se deja s\u00f3lo en manos de los municipios sin posibilidad de ingreso de otros actores, la concentraci\u00f3n de elementos s\u00f3lidos reciclables -por ejemplo, manteni\u00e9ndolos por un tiempo indeterminado en recintos de acopio- podr\u00eda implicar un riesgo de \u201cmanipulaci\u00f3n\u201d en los precios de compra y venta de estos productos.<\/p>\n

Los actores tendr\u00e1n que esperar, al menos, un par de a\u00f1os para tener certezas respecto de las metas, efectos y aplicaciones pr\u00e1cticas de la Ley de Fomento al Reciclaje, que reci\u00e9n comienza a debatir una normativa.<\/p>\n

Sodimac apuesta por reciclaje domiciliario<\/strong><\/p>\n

Adelant\u00e1ndose a los desaf\u00edos que considera la promulgaci\u00f3n de la Ley de Reciclaje, el gerente general de Sodimac Chile, Eduardo Miz\u00f3n, sostiene que los deberes de la firma considerar\u00e1n \u201cla recolecci\u00f3n y gesti\u00f3n de los residuos de los productos prioritarios de acuerdo a las metas espec\u00edficas que se establezcan, pero tambi\u00e9n revisar ciertos aspectos de los envases y embalajes, para hacer cambios que nos permitan disminuir los residuos que generamos en ese \u00e1mbito\u201d.<\/p>\n

No obstante, Miz\u00f3n agrega que continuar\u00e1n con una tarea que asumieron hace algunos a\u00f1os, y que tiene que ver con su iniciativa de una red nacional de puntos limpios junto a la firma chilena TriCiclos. \u201cEl a\u00f1o pasado 330 mil personas visitaron los puntos limpios, a lo largo del pa\u00eds y con ellos se reciclaron 2.100 toneladas\u201d, detalla.<\/p>\n

En esta l\u00ednea, este a\u00f1o iniciaron un plan piloto de reciclaje domiciliario en las comunas de Las Condes y Quilicura, que incluye capacitaci\u00f3n, kit de contenedores y retiro en los hogares.<\/p>\n

Dell: ambiciosas metas a 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

La fabricante y comercializadora de productos electr\u00f3nicos, Dell, ya lleva camino recorrido en el mundo del reciclaje. La multinacional tiene pol\u00edticas ambientales que estudian el impacto de sus productos en su ciclo de vida y espec\u00edficamente su plan \u201c2020 legacy of good\u201d que tiene como objetivo implementar estrategias de reciclaje.<\/p>\n

Al respecto, Carolina Quadri, Latam Producer Responsibility & Environmental Affairs Manager, comenta que alrededor del mundo recuperan \u201c726 kg de electr\u00f3nicos usados al a\u00f1o desde 2007 y est\u00e1 en camino de alcanzar los 1.000 millones de kg para 2020\u201d. Y, en Chile, cuentan con un programa para recibir equipos en desuso de usuarios. Sobre la ley, Quadri se\u00f1ala que est\u00e1 optimista, pero advierte sobre la importancia de establecer est\u00e1ndares de reciclado para asegurar que los materiales se gestionen de manera correcta y buscar nuevas formas de hacer las cosas, donde el concepto de \u201cresiduo\u201d queda fuera del sistema, dando paso una econom\u00eda circular.<\/p>\n

El fomento al reciclaje en EE.UU.<\/strong><\/p>\n

En este pa\u00eds los esfuerzos de reciclaje domiciliario son distintos en cada estado. Por ejemplo, California desde los a\u00f1os 90\u00b4 tiene pol\u00edticas de reciclaje para estimular el desarrollo de un mercado y en 2010 crearon el departamento de reciclaje (CalRecycle).<\/p>\n

El estado estableci\u00f3 programas de pr\u00e9stamos directos para los nuevos negocios en torno al reciclaje y la generaci\u00f3n de nuevos productos, como The Recycling Market Development Zone (RMDZ) Loan Program. En materia de regulaci\u00f3n cuenta con una lista de productos prioritarios y en 2011, aprob\u00f3 la legislaci\u00f3n AB 341 que contempla que el 75% de los residuos s\u00f3lidos generados sean reducidos, reciclados o compostados a 2020.<\/p>\n

Otro ejemplo es el estado de Massachussets que implement\u00f3 su primer plan maestro de residuos s\u00f3lidos en los 90`s. Desde entonces, diversas iniciativas p\u00fablicas y privadas han permitido lograr una tasa de 47% de reciclaje, una de las m\u00e1s altas de la naci\u00f3n. Tambi\u00e9n cuentan con programas de incentivos monetarios para gestores de reciclaje orientados a la investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo, siendo un ejemplo el Recycling Industries Reimbursement Credit (RIRC) grant program o el Recycling Loan Fund.<\/p>\n

Y en Houston, en Texas, la Urban Sustainability Directors Network (USDN) estableci\u00f3 una subvenci\u00f3n para herramientas de reducci\u00f3n de desechos que ayuden a las comunidades, gestores de residuos y a empresas a buscar m\u00e9todos para bajar los costos, responsabilidad ambiental, uso de la tierra y planificaciones asociados a la gesti\u00f3n de residuos comerciales.[:en]There are 12 months to go until the legislation is ready, and rather than certainties, businesses have doubts about its application: what will its objectives be; how will it regulate the sector; and what incentives will it provide for developing a market that demands recycled material?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

On 17 May, President Michelle Bachelet enacted the Promotion of Recycling and Extended Responsibility of Production Act. This represents an important step towards reducing the amount of waste generated in Chile, which today accounts for 17 million tonnes a year, as well as ensuring that this waste does not end up in landfills or dumps.<\/p>\n

The legislation will oblige the recycling and recovery of six priority products: lubricating oils, electric and electronic devices, primary and secondary cell batteries, tires, and packaging. Collection criteria will apply to producers, manufacturers and importers of these products who will be required to recover a certain percentage thereof at the end of their useful lives.<\/p>\n

This provision, which acts under the premise of \u201cthe polluter pays\u201d will bring an end to the practice of voluntary actions by formalizing the recycling industry, in addition to, \u201censuring that an adequate amount of waste retrieved from companies will be directed towards recycling or recovering products\u201d, says Pablo Badenier, Minister of the Environment.<\/p>\n

\"BADENIER\"
\nPablo Badenier, Ministro del Medio Ambiente<\/em><\/p>\n

For the retrieval of the priority waste products, an annual target will be determined by the Ministry of the Environment. In the case of non-compliance, fines will reach up to 10 UTA (Unidades Tributarias Anuales or Annual Tax Units), equivalent to approximately CLP$5.4 billion.<\/p>\n

Only a short period of time has passed since the enactment of the legislation, but there are still 12 months in which to determine the regulations relating to each product, their retrieval and recovery targets, obligations regarding labelling, separate delivery, eco-design and facilities for housing and storage, among others.<\/p>\n

Accordingly, more doubts than certainties exist among the sectors involved. For example, they are unaware of the aspects that will be considered for establishing the collection targets, in what way these will support the development of a market of reused products, and what the role of municipalities will be in managing household waste. Furthermore, targets are ambitious with the goal of increasing recycled household waste from 10% to 30%.<\/p>\n

The Plastics Industry Association of Chile (ASIPLA) has stated that the legislation is positioning the country at the cutting edge of Latin America and that it could, in the medium term, make it a leader in terms of recycling rates of priority products. Nevertheless, Santiago Muzzo, Chairman of ASIPLA, points out the need to pay close attention to the objectives stipulated within the collection targets.<\/p>\n

\u201cKey to the success of this Act is for all packaging, separated according to its constituent material and including the different types of plastic, to be considered by the legislation with individual targets and not lumped together according to the type of packaging. That way it will help to ensure that in five years\u2019 time only the most environmentally efficient packaging will endure in Chile\u201d, says Muzzo. He goes on to warn that a badly devised target could \u201csignal the death knell for the legislation\u201d.<\/p>\n

A further important point he makes is creating the demand for recycled material. This is one aspect that the Act does not resolve in a comprehensive manner. Muzzo believes that the legislation should take account of the rise of new markets or the aggregate demand of these materials for new applications or products. This would encourage recyclers in terms of new technologies for responding to such demands.<\/p>\n

\"Santiago\"
\nSantiago Muzzo, presidente de la Asociaci\u00f3n Gremial de Industriales del Pl\u00e1stico (ASIPLA)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cIf this does not occur, the majority of the retrieved plastic will be used for energy recovery, i.e., as fuel for electricity power stations, which is not the best alternative\u201d, he clarifies.<\/p>\n

The challenge arising from the targets<\/strong><\/p>\n

Another important stakeholder paying close attention to the provisions of the legislation is the Tire Industry Chamber in Chile (CINC), due to the low recycling rates in the industry, despite its ongoing efforts to the contrary.<\/p>\n

\u201cBetween 150,000 and 160,000 tonnes of unused tires are produced in Chile every year. From this total, some are used for bicycles, weighing just a few grams, while others are destined for use in mining, which weigh more than four tonnes. However, more than 7,000 tonnes a year are not recovered (recycled), which represents 5% of the total\u201d, notes Jos\u00e9 Browne, General Manager of the trade association.<\/p>\n

This reality is in contrast to certain other OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) member states, in which 100% of industrial waste is recycled.<\/p>\n

That is why Browne is cautious about the future and will view what materializes in practice as crucial, since many laws subsequently become \u201crather irrelevant\u201d from the point of view of their regulations.<\/p>\n

The important point for Browne is that the targets are realistic and that they simultaneously encourage the development of the tire recycling industry.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf the targets are too low compared to the current state of affairs, they will be easily met and no one will be interested in investing due to a lack of demand. On the other hand, if they are too high, no one will be able to meet them and, probably, the few who are able to recycle or manage tires will simply charge what they like\u201d, he states.<\/p>\n

With the appropriate incentives in place, this kind of waste could be used to support other important economic industries, which is precisely what has happened in developed countries, where over half of tires are recycle as fuel, notes Browne. It should be no different in Chile due to interest shown from the cement industry. \u201cThere is a huge pulp and paper industry in Chile whose processes would readily accept tires as fuel. The legislation could act as the incentive so that such companies make profitable use of tires to this effect. Today, due to their price, it is not\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"Jose
\nJos\u00e9 Browne, gerente general de la C\u00e1mara de la Industria del Neum\u00e1tico de Chile A.G. CINC<\/em><\/p>\n

Browne is not alone in his concern regarding these issues. The lawyer Patricio Leyton, partner at Ferrada Nehme and specialist in the environment and natural resources believes the legislation, once in force, will have \u201ca good outlook\u201d.<\/p>\n

The expert claims that the initial phase will be less complicated, but that once the recycling targets begin increasing, things will become more difficult, especially in regard to dangerous waste products which, by their nature, should be the first to undergo a 100% rate of recycling, including batteries and lubricating oils.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe law will enter into force over a period of between two and four years. It will be very simple to retrieve the bad and old products (but) the problem could arise when the obligations are not 10%, 20% or 30% but 50%\u201d, he states. \u201cCountries such as Germany recycle 100% of their waste and are nowadays working on the prevention side\u201d, he adds.<\/p>\n

The view of industrial recyclers<\/strong><\/p>\n

Producers and importers are obliged by the legislation to ensure that their products are reused in some way, but there are also other stakeholders who will be affected one way or another by the law, including municipalities and industrial recycling plants.<\/p>\n

From the perspective of stakeholders responsible for the pre-treatment, treatment and recovery of solid recycled waste, Alejandro Navech, General Manager of the National Association of Recycling Industries (ANIR) states that the legislation is positive for them. He explains that this is because it will increase the volume of certain waste that they are currently unable to collect, due to its control falling to municipal authorities, and which is completely contaminated having not been separated since its point of origin.<\/p>\n

\"Alejandri\"
\nAlejandro Navech, gerente general de la Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de la Industria del Reciclaje (ANIR)<\/em><\/p>\n

However, he warns of certain risks in particular areas not yet specified by the legislation. \u201cIf the conclusion coming out of the roundtable meetings conducted with the ministry is that there is just a single national collection target covering industrial and household products, producers will want to intervene with the management systems from the industrial sphere in which this issue is basically resolved. If there are no distinct targets with separate traceability there is a large risk that the management systems will block the current commercial models. Why add intermediaries when a direct deal already exists?\u201d asks Navech.<\/p>\n

Household collection is also of concern to ANIR, because if it is left in the hands of the municipalities without the possibility of involvement from other actors, the concentration of solid recyclable elements, for example keeping them stored somewhere for an indefinite period, could imply a risk of price \u201cmanipulation\u201d for the purchasing and selling of the products.<\/p>\n

Actors will have to wait for at least a couple of years to gain certainty in terms of the targets, the purpose and the practical applications of the Promotion of Recycling Act, which only recently began to undergo the legislative consultation stage.<\/p>\n

Sodimac backing household recycling<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anticipating the challenges stemming from the enactment of the Recycling Act, the General Manager of Sodimac Chile, Eduardo Miz\u00f3n, claims that the responsibilities of the company will include, \u201cthe collection and management of waste from the priority products in line with the specific targets established, in addition to the revision of certain aspects of packaging, in order to implement changes to reduce the amount of waste we produce in this area\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nevertheless, Miz\u00f3n adds that the company will continue to pursue a task that was adopted a number of years ago and that relates to their initiative which consists of a national network of recycling points implemented in collaboration with the Chilean firm, TriCiclos. \u201cLast year, 330,000 people recycled at our recycling points up and down the country, recycling 2,100 tonnes in total\u201d, he explains.<\/p>\n

Similarly, this year they executed a pilot household recycling scheme in the Santiago districts of Las Condes and Quilicura, which includes training, container kits and home collection.<\/p>\n

Dell: ambititious targets to 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dell, the manufacturer and retailer of electronic products, is already an adherent to the world of recycling. The multinational company pursues environmental policies that investigate the impact of its products across their life cycles, as well as its, \u201c2020 Legacy of Good Plan\u201d, which aims to oversee the implementation of recycling strategies.<\/p>\n

Accordingly, Carolina Quadri, Latin America Producer Responsibility & Environmental Affairs Manager for Dell, says that they have recovered \u201c726kg of used electronics a year since 2007 and are on course to reach 1 billion kg by 2020\u201d. Furthermore, in Chile they have a program for receiving unused equipment.<\/p>\n

Regarding the legislation, Quadri comments that she is optimistic, but warns of the importance of establishing recycling standards that ensure materials are managed correctly and that seek new ways of doing things, in which the concept of \u201cwaste\u201d is removed from the system in place of a circular economy.<\/p>\n

Promoting recycling in the US<\/strong><\/p>\n

Household recycling efforts in the US vary from state to state. For example, since the 1990s California has implemented recycling policies that promote the development of a market and in 2010 it created a recycling department (CalRecycle).<\/p>\n

The state has also established direct loan programs for new businesses relating to recycling and the creation of new products, such as The Recycling Market Development Zone (RMDZ) Loan Program. Regarding regulation, California has a list of priority products and in 2011 approved the AB 341 Act which stipulates that 75% or all solid waste generated must be reduced, recycled or composted to 2020.<\/p>\n

Another example is the state Massachusetts, which implemented its first solid waste master plan in the 1990s. Since then, diverse public and private initiatives have given rise to a 47% recycling rate, which is one of the highest in the country. The state also has distinct monetary incentive programmes for recycling managers aimed at research and development, including the Recycling Industries Reimbursement Credit (RIRC) Grant Program and the Recycling Loan Fund.<\/p>\n

In Houston, Texas, the Urban Sustainability Directors Network (USDN) has established a subsidy for waste reduction tools that assist communities, waste managers and businesses to seek ways of reducing costs, improving environmental responsibility, land use and planning related to commercial waste management.[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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