{"id":9378,"date":"2015-09-23T15:57:13","date_gmt":"2015-09-23T18:57:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.amchamchile.cl\/?p=145304"},"modified":"2015-09-23T15:58:49","modified_gmt":"2015-09-23T18:58:49","slug":"en-la-sombra-del-dragon","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/en-la-sombra-del-dragon\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->En la sombra del Drag\u00f3n<!--:--><!--:en-->In the shadow of the Dragon<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es-->T\u00edtulos similares se han utilizado para los libros que destacan el creciente poder y el alcance de las empresas chinas, una tendencia de la que Chile se ha beneficiado enormemente en la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada. Sin embargo, la historia ha cambiado, dado los desaf\u00edos que enfrenta China y los riesgos asociados para los pa\u00edses con extensos v\u00ednculos con esta econom\u00eda. El momento no podr\u00eda ser peor para Chile, en medio de una amplia gama de temas nacionales existentes que han afectado la confianza y, por lo tanto, el crecimiento.<\/p>\n<p>Chile sigue estando, sin duda, muy ligado a China. En t\u00e9rminos de comercio, China es su mayor socio, sirviendo como el destino de 25% de las exportaciones y la fuente de 20% de las importaciones, durante el segundo trimestre de este a\u00f1o. Adem\u00e1s de las relaciones comerciales, hay impactos indirectos adicionales en la econom\u00eda en general que son de gran relevancia para el sentimiento y el crecimiento.<\/p>\n<p>China sigue siendo el comprador incremental clave en el mercado del cobre, por lo tanto, su nivel de demanda es clave para los precios, que a su vez tienen un impacto en la rentabilidad del sector minero, las cuentas fiscales de Chile y reservas internacionales guardadas en los fondos soberanos. Son estos recursos que se han utilizado para enfrentar las crisis, como la actual, lo que ha permitido que el crecimiento del PIB real llegue a 2,5% en el IMACEC de julio, aunque todav\u00eda muy por debajo del potencial de crecimiento de 3,5%, seg\u00fan el \u00faltimo informe del Banco Central. Adem\u00e1s, tambi\u00e9n hay un efecto de riqueza importante de los precios del cobre, con los altos precios de la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada impulsando el sentimiento y filtrando a la demanda interna en varios sectores, un fen\u00f3meno que se ha erosionado r\u00e1pidamente.<\/p>\n<p>Un estudio reciente de JP Morgan, el cual usa an\u00e1lisis de vectores de auto-regresi\u00f3n (o VAR), ha mostrado que cada ca\u00edda de 1% en el crecimiento del PIB real de China se traduce en al menos una disminuci\u00f3n equivalente en el crecimiento del PIB de Chile, lo que evidencia que el pa\u00eds es uno de los m\u00e1s expuestos al impulso econ\u00f3mico de China. Este efecto se ilustra adicionalmente en el gr\u00e1fico adjunto, lo que demuestra el alto grado de correlaci\u00f3n entre el crecimiento del PIB real de ambos pa\u00edses. El cobre y el mercado de valores de Chile tambi\u00e9n han mostrado una alta correlaci\u00f3n con el crecimiento del PIB real, lo cual es l\u00f3gico teniendo en cuenta los efectos de paso en los precios y las ganancias corporativas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-145305\" alt=\"grafico_1\" src=\"http:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/grafico_1.jpg\" width=\"443\" height=\"264\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A pesar de hablar de la diversificaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica, Chile ha tenido problemas en este frente y una r\u00e1pida implementaci\u00f3n de iniciativas en este tema ser\u00e1 dif\u00edcil. Esto es especialmente cierto en el escenario dom\u00e9stico actual de reformas agresivas y esc\u00e1ndalos corporativo\/pol\u00edticos, lo que ha impactado negativamente en las decisiones de inversi\u00f3n. Un tipo de cambio d\u00e9bil, exacerbado por factores externos, no est\u00e1 ayudando a la ecuaci\u00f3n, especialmente con la Fed en EE.UU. apuntando a una subida de las tasas de inter\u00e9s. Esto ha hecho que la inflaci\u00f3n se mantenga pegajosa, lo que limita las opciones del Banco Central por un est\u00edmulo monetario adicional para impulsar el crecimiento.<\/p>\n<p>Muchos expertos han destacado que la actual debilidad de la econom\u00eda de China es inevitable y el resultado de ajustes necesarios, lo que conducir\u00e1 a tasas de crecimiento del PIB m\u00e1s sostenibles de alrededor de 5-6%. Si es verdad, un &#8220;aterrizaje suave&#8221; tal debe ser considerado sano. Sin embargo, claramente en el intertanto dicho menor crecimiento tendr\u00e1 un efecto negativo para Chile, por lo que se requerir\u00e1n pol\u00edticas de ajuste para enfrentarlas.<\/p>\n<p>Ojal\u00e1, que con los desaf\u00edos nacionales existentes y las dificultades externas, el Gobierno ajuste su enfoque, centr\u00e1ndose m\u00e1s en la econom\u00eda, creando espec\u00edficamente incentivos para nuevas inversiones en diversos sectores.<\/p>\n<p><b>Por Brian P. Chase<br \/>\n<\/b><b>Portfolio Manager, Head of Andean Equities<br \/>\n<\/b><b>Ita\u00fa Asset Management<\/b><!--:--><!--:en-->Similar titles have been used for books that highlight the increasing power and reach of Chinese businesses, a trend from which Chile has benefitted greatly over the past decade.\u00a0 However, the story has now abruptly shifted to the expanding challenges that China is facing and the associated risks for countries with extensive ties to the Chinese economy.\u00a0 The timing couldn\u2019t be worse for Chile, amidst a wide array of existing domestic issues that have affected sentiment, and thus growth.<\/p>\n<p>Chile undoubtedly remains highly tied to China.\u00a0 In terms of trade, China is Chile\u2019s largest single partner, serving as the destination for 25% of exports and the source of 20% of imports, as of 2Q15.\u00a0 Apart from trade relations, there are additional indirect impacts on the broader economy that are extremely relevant for sentiment and growth.<\/p>\n<p>China remains the key incremental buyer in the copper market, thus its demand level is key to prices, which in turn have an impact on mining sector profitability, Chile\u2019s fiscal accounts and offshore reserves stored in sovereign wealth funds.\u00a0 It is these resources that have been used to counter downturns, including the current one, allowing real GDP growth to hover around 2.5% in the latest IMACEC reading from July, though still well below potential growth of 3.5%, according to the latest Central Bank report.\u00a0 Furthermore, there is also an important wealth effect of copper prices, with high prices of the last decade boosting sentiment and filtering through to domestic demand across various sectors, a phenomenon which has quickly eroded.<\/p>\n<p>A recent study from J.P. Morgan, using vector auto-regression (or VAR) analyses, has highlighted that each drop of 1% in China\u2019s real GDP growth translates to at least an equivalent decline in Chile\u2019s GDP growth, making Chile one of the most exposed countries to China\u2019s economic momentum.\u00a0 This effect is further illustrated in the side Chart, which shows the high degree of correlation between the real GDP growth of both countries.\u00a0 \u00a0Copper and the Chilean stock market have also shown high correlations to real GDP growth, which is logical given the pass-through effects to prices and corporate earnings.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-145305\" alt=\"grafico_1\" src=\"http:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/grafico_1.jpg\" width=\"443\" height=\"264\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Despite talk of economic diversification, Chile has struggled on this front and a quick implementation of any initiatives at this point will be difficult.\u00a0 This is especially true in the current domestic scenario of aggressive reforms and corporate\/political scandals, which has negatively impacted investment decisions.\u00a0\u00a0 A weak exchange rate, exacerbated by external factors, isn\u2019t helping the equation, especially with the US set to raise interest rates.\u00a0 This has caused inflation to remain sticky, limiting the Central Bank\u2019s options for additional monetary stimulus to boost growth.<\/p>\n<p>Many pundits have highlighted that the current weakness of China\u2019s economy is inevitable and the result of necessary adjustments, which will lead to more sustainable GDP growth rates of around 5-6%.\u00a0\u00a0 If true, such a \u201csoft landing\u201d should be considered healthy.\u00a0 However, it is clear that such a decline will have negative consequences for Chile in the interim, thus requiring adaptive policies.<\/p>\n<p>Hopefully, in the face of existing domestic challenges and growing external headwinds, the government will adjust its own view, shifting the focus to the economy, specifically creating incentives for new investments across diverse sectors.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00edtulos similares se han utilizado para los libros que destacan el creciente poder y el alcance de las empresas chinas, una tendencia de la que Chile se ha beneficiado enormemente en la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada. Sin embargo, la historia ha cambiado, dado los desaf\u00edos que enfrenta China y los riesgos asociados para los pa\u00edses con extensos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-9378","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>En la sombra del Drag\u00f3nIn the shadow of the Dragon - AmCham Chile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/en-la-sombra-del-dragon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"En la sombra del Drag\u00f3nIn the shadow of the Dragon - AmCham Chile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00edtulos similares se han utilizado para los libros que destacan el creciente poder y el alcance de las empresas chinas, una tendencia de la que Chile se ha beneficiado enormemente en la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada. 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