{"id":9242,"date":"2015-07-01T17:53:22","date_gmt":"2015-07-01T20:53:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.amchamchile.cl\/?p=144341"},"modified":"2015-07-02T17:54:15","modified_gmt":"2015-07-02T20:54:15","slug":"la-desaceleracion-de-la-inversion-en-chile-es-estructural","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/la-desaceleracion-de-la-inversion-en-chile-es-estructural\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->\u00bfLa desaceleraci\u00f3n de la inversi\u00f3n en chile es estructural?<!--:--><!--:en-->Is Chile\u2019s Investment Slowdown Structural?<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es-->Los datos econ\u00f3micos han mejorado en el margen, pero Chile sigue enfrent\u00e1ndose a una crisis de confianza que est\u00e1 frenando la inversi\u00f3n y el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico en general. Los recientes esc\u00e1ndalos y los factores c\u00edclicos en el extranjero son f\u00e1cilmente culpados de ello. Sin embargo, hay temas subyacentes que apuntan a un posible cambio estructural en la din\u00e1mica de inversi\u00f3n que podr\u00eda limitar el potencial de crecimiento de Chile en los pr\u00f3ximos a\u00f1os. Chile se ha quedado atascado actualmente en un c\u00edrculo vicioso con la baja confianza impactando la inversi\u00f3n y viceversa.<\/p>\n<p><b><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-144342 alignleft\" alt=\"Grafico\" src=\"http:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Grafico1.jpg\" width=\"407\" height=\"244\" \/><br \/>\n<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p>La confianza empresarial, medida por el Indicador Mensual de Confianza Empresarial (IMCE), se situ\u00f3 en apenas 46,45 en mayo, el decimoquinto mes consecutivo en territorio pesimista (por debajo de 50), y menor que el 48,48 reportado en abril. A pesar de los esfuerzos de ganar de nuevo la confianza a trav\u00e9s de un tono m\u00e1s conciliador y un reciente ajuste de gabinete, incluyendo el primer cambio de Ministro de Hacienda en la historia de Chile, el descontento con el Gobierno tambi\u00e9n es alto, con un nivel de aprobaci\u00f3n de s\u00f3lo 23% en mayo. En tanto -respecto a la inversi\u00f3n-, la formaci\u00f3n bruta de capital fijo y las importaciones de bienes de capital se contrajeron 2% y 11%, respectivamente, en el primer trimestre de 2015, el s\u00e9ptimo trimestre consecutivo de cifras negativas. Esto ha complicado el crecimiento en general con un Indicador Mensual de Actividad Econ\u00f3mica (IMACEC) de abril creciendo s\u00f3lo 1,7%. Tambi\u00e9n hay alguna evidencia de fuga de capitales hacia el extranjero con el exceso de liquidez.<\/p>\n<p>Al igual que en otros episodios recientes, el dif\u00edcil entorno econ\u00f3mico se ha enfrentado con las pol\u00edticas anti-c\u00edclicas caracter\u00edsticas de Chile, tanto fiscal como monetaria. Sin embargo, existe una creciente preocupaci\u00f3n de que esto ser\u00e1 insuficiente para volver a las tasas de crecimiento anteriores y que los factores estructurales podr\u00edan estar en juego, resultando en menor\u00a0 crecimiento por un per\u00edodo m\u00e1s largo, incluyendo una rebaja en el crecimiento potencial del\u00a0Producto Interno Bruto (PIB).<\/p>\n<p>Durante las dos \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas y media, Chile ha gozado de tasas de inversi\u00f3n, tal como se expresa en la inversi\u00f3n como porcentaje del PIB, por sobre 20%. Sin embargo, en la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada esto ha sido impulsado principalmente por el auge de los <i>commodities<\/i>. Durante este<\/p>\n<p>tiempo, Chile vio una fuerte aceleraci\u00f3n de la inversi\u00f3n en miner\u00eda, que se elev\u00f3 a un m\u00e1ximo de 7% del PIB en 2014 desde su m\u00ednimo de casi 2% en 2001-2, mientras que la inversi\u00f3n no minera cay\u00f3 a s\u00f3lo 16% en 2014 desde un m\u00e1ximo de 23% del PIB en 1997-1998 (ver gr\u00e1fico).<\/p>\n<p>Esto es particularmente preocupante en el contexto actual, con pocas probabilidades que la inversi\u00f3n minera sea sostenida y con escasas iniciativas que estimulen la inversi\u00f3n en sectores no mineros.<\/p>\n<p>Cada vez es m\u00e1s claro que el extraordinario ciclo de inversi\u00f3n minera de la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada est\u00e1 llegando a su fin. La intensidad del consumo de materias primas del socio comercial principal de Chile, China, est\u00e1 disminuyendo en t\u00e1ndem con un ajuste econ\u00f3mico, afectando las expectativas de la demanda. Mientras tanto, los precios potencialmente m\u00e1s bajos combinados con una inflaci\u00f3n de costos limitan el entusiasmo para nuevos proyectos.<\/p>\n<p>En un nivel m\u00e1s amplio, el programa de reforma actual ha reducido ciertos incentivos, especialmente relacionados con la reinversi\u00f3n, y ha generado algunas incertidumbres, sobre todo porque el mercado espera m\u00e1s claridad sobre la implementaci\u00f3n de las reformas tributaria y laboral, as\u00ed como una potencial reforma constitucional, lo que podr\u00eda afectar los derechos de propiedad. Igualmente importante es la falta de pol\u00edticas claras cuando se trata de conflictos ambientales y sociales que est\u00e1n estancando el desarrollo de nuevos proyectos.<\/p>\n<p>Chile es reconocido por su modelo econ\u00f3mico progresivo y <i>open-market<\/i>, lo que ha llevado d\u00e9cadas de crecimiento y desarrollo. Sin embargo, con el fin de seguir avanzando en este progreso, el pa\u00eds tendr\u00e1 que intensificar sus esfuerzos para incentivar nuevas inversiones a trav\u00e9s de diversos sectores.<\/p>\n<p><b>Por Brian P. Chase<br \/>\n<\/b>Portfolio Manager Head of Andean Equities Ita\u00fa Asset Management<!--:--><!--:en-->Economic data has improved on the margin, but Chile continues to face a crisis of confidence, which is holding back investment and thus overall economic growth.\u00a0 Recent scandals and cyclical factors abroad are easily blamed.\u00a0 However, there are underlying issues that point to a potential structural shift in investment dynamics that could limit Chile\u2019s growth potential in the coming years.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-144342 alignleft\" alt=\"Grafico\" src=\"http:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Grafico1.jpg\" width=\"407\" height=\"244\" \/><b><\/p>\n<p><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Chile is currently stuck in a negative feedback loop with low confidence impacting investment, and vice versa.\u00a0 Business confidence, as measured by the IMCE Index, stood at just 46.45 in May, the fifteenth consecutive month in pessimistic territory (below 50) and declining from 48.48 in April.\u00a0 Despite efforts to earn back confidence via a more conciliatory tone and recent cabinet adjustment, including the first change of the Finance Minister in Chile\u2019s history, discontent with the government is also running high with government approval at just 23% in May.\u00a0 Meanwhile, on the investment front, gross fixed capital formation and capital goods imports contracted 2% and 11%, respectively, in 1Q15, the seventh consecutive quarter of negative readings.\u00a0 This has complicated overall growth with IMACEC for April rising just 1.7%.\u00a0 There is also some evidence of capital flight with excess liquidity moving offshore.<\/p>\n<p>Similar to other recent episodes, the challenging economic environment has been met with Chile\u2019s characteristic counter-cyclical policies, both on the fiscal and monetary fronts.\u00a0 However, there is growing concern that this will be insufficient to bring growth fully back on track and that structural factors could be at play, resulting in lower for longer growth, including a downgrade of GDP growth potential.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past two and half decades, Chile has enjoyed investment rates, as expressed in investment as a percentage of GDP, above 20%.\u00a0\u00a0 However, in the last decade, this has been mostly driven by the commodities boom.\u00a0 During this time, Chile saw a sharp acceleration in mining-related investment, which rose to a peak of 7% of GDP in 2014 from its low of nearly 2% in 2001-2, while non-mining investment fell to just 16% in 2014 from a peak of 23% of GDP in 1997-98 (see Chart).<\/p>\n<p>This is particularly troubling in the current context, with mining investment unlikely to be sustained and few initiatives to stimulate investment in non-mining sectors.<\/p>\n<p>It is becoming increasingly clear that the extraordinary mining investment cycle of the past decade is coming to an end.\u00a0 The commodity intensiveness of Chile\u2019s primary trade partner, China, is declining in tandem with a broader economic adjustment, impacting expectations for demand.\u00a0 Meanwhile, potentially lower prices coupled with cost inflation limit enthusiasm for new projects.<\/p>\n<p>On a broader level, the current reform agenda has reduced certain incentives, especially related to re-investment, and raised some uncertainties, especially as the market awaits clarity on tax and labor reform implementation, as well as a potential constitutional reform, which could affect property rights.\u00a0 Equally important, is the lack of clear policies when it comes to environmental and social conflicts that are currently stalling new project development.<\/p>\n<p>Chile is renowned for its progressive open-market economic model, which has brought decades of growth and development.\u00a0 However, in order to further advance this progress, the country will have to intensify its efforts to incentivize new investment across a more diversified set of sectors.<br \/>\n<b style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\"><br \/>\nBy Brian P.Chase<br \/>\n<\/b><b>Portafolio Manager Head of Andean Equities Ita\u00fa Asset Management<\/b><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los datos econ\u00f3micos han mejorado en el margen, pero Chile sigue enfrent\u00e1ndose a una crisis de confianza que est\u00e1 frenando la inversi\u00f3n y el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico en general. Los recientes esc\u00e1ndalos y los factores c\u00edclicos en el extranjero son f\u00e1cilmente culpados de ello. Sin embargo, hay temas subyacentes que apuntan a un posible cambio estructural [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-9242","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfLa desaceleraci\u00f3n de la inversi\u00f3n en chile es estructural?Is Chile\u2019s Investment Slowdown Structural? - AmCham Chile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/la-desaceleracion-de-la-inversion-en-chile-es-estructural\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfLa desaceleraci\u00f3n de la inversi\u00f3n en chile es estructural?Is Chile\u2019s Investment Slowdown Structural? - AmCham Chile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los datos econ\u00f3micos han mejorado en el margen, pero Chile sigue enfrent\u00e1ndose a una crisis de confianza que est\u00e1 frenando la inversi\u00f3n y el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico en general. Los recientes esc\u00e1ndalos y los factores c\u00edclicos en el extranjero son f\u00e1cilmente culpados de ello. 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