{"id":4648,"date":"2011-11-04T12:26:54","date_gmt":"2011-11-04T15:26:54","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-04-21T12:24:09","modified_gmt":"2015-04-21T15:24:09","slug":"reconstruir-el-capital-social-2","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/reconstruir-el-capital-social-2\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->Reconstruir el Capital Social<!--:--><!--:en-->Rebuilding Social Capital<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es-->Los principales indicadores econ\u00f3micos de Chile dan a las empresas del pa\u00eds sudamericano toda la raz\u00f3n para estar optimistas sobre el futuro, pero a juicio de Lorenzo Constans, presidente de la Confederaci\u00f3n de la Producci\u00f3n y del Comercio (CPC), existe el peligro de que las amenazas internas y externas puedan socavar el crecimiento de largo plazo de Chile.<\/p>\n<p>En el marco de un desayuno de AmCham celebrado el 1 de septiembre en el Hotel W de Santiago, Constans advirti\u00f3 a los invitados al evento sobre las posibles repercusiones de una desaceleraci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica global para la econom\u00eda peque\u00f1a y abierta de Chile. Constans afirm\u00f3, sin embargo, que una amenaza a\u00fan mayor es la falta \u201ccapital social\u201d que tiene el pa\u00eds, lo que ha creado una sociedad peligrosamente dividida y desconfiada.<\/p>\n<p>Desde la perspectiva macroecon\u00f3mica, Chile est\u00e1 en buena forma. El producto interno bruto (PIB) se dispone a crecer un 6,5% este a\u00f1o, mientras que el gasto de consumo crecer\u00e1 en torno al 6,6% y la inversi\u00f3n, un 11%, seg\u00fan las \u00faltimas cifras del Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI).<\/p>\n<p>Las exportaciones e importaciones deber\u00edan aumentar en un 5,4% y un 8,5%, respectivamente, mientras que se proyecta que la inflaci\u00f3n caer\u00e1 al 3,2% en el 2012 tras promediar un 4% este a\u00f1o. El desempleo, en tanto, se mantiene estable en cerca del 7,2%.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLas se\u00f1ales son muy positivas\u201d, dijo Constans, quien destac\u00f3 que la r\u00e1pida recuperaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica de Chile tras la crisis financiera global y el terremoto del 27 de febrero del 2010, se basa en las s\u00f3lidas pol\u00edticas macroecon\u00f3micas de la naci\u00f3n y en su sistema bancario bien capitalizado.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPese al reciente aumento de la deuda externa, los bancos chilenos siguen bien financiados con niveles moderados de financiamiento externo y no hay falta de liquidez\u201d, sostuvo Constans, citando un informe del FMI.<\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, el PIB per c\u00e1pita de Chile -de cerca de US$15.000- es el m\u00e1s alto de Am\u00e9rica Latina y la naci\u00f3n es una de las 20 principales econom\u00edas del mundo en t\u00e9rminos de inversi\u00f3n extranjera, al recibir un total de US$15.000millones en el 2010, un alza del 17% respecto del 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Chile ha perseguido una pol\u00edtica de apertura comercial desde la d\u00e9cada de los 90 y, como resultado, las exportaciones han crecido a m\u00e1s de US$70.000 millones. En particular, el Acuerdo de Libre Comercio con Estados Unidos, que entr\u00f3 en vigencia en el 2004, ha tenido un enorme impacto positivo en el comercio bilateral en los \u00faltimos siete a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<p>Hay algunos desaf\u00edos en particular para el sector minero tales como los altos costos de la energ\u00eda y la falta de trabajadores calificados, pero en general las empresas chilenas est\u00e1n optimistas sobre lo que queda del 2011 y el 2012, indic\u00f3 Constans.<\/p>\n<p>No obstante, el panorama no es tan positivo en el resto de mundo. Una serie de shocks incluido el terremoto de Jap\u00f3n a comienzos de este a\u00f1o, la rebaja de Standard &amp; Poor\u2019s a la calificaci\u00f3n de deuda de Estados Unidos en agosto y la crisis de deuda de la Uni\u00f3n Europea han hecho que la econom\u00eda global se tambalee.<\/p>\n<p>El riesgo es que este clima de incertidumbre global pueda afectar la demanda por las exportaciones de Chile y da\u00f1ar su futuro crecimiento, advirti\u00f3 Constans.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNo saber c\u00f3mo terminar\u00e1 [la crisis de deuda] obviamente tiene importantes repercusiones para nuestro pa\u00eds\u201d, afirm\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>De todos modos, hay cosas que Chile puede hacer para mejorar el crecimiento local. Estas incluyen implementar medidas pro-competitividad, eliminar las barreras al emprendimiento y diversificar las exportaciones. El empleo y la educaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n son claves para el crecimiento de largo plazo y una distribuci\u00f3n m\u00e1s equitativa del ingreso, sostuvo Constans.<\/p>\n<p>Pero Chile primero debe reconstruir su capital social, lo que significa fomentar la confianza.<\/p>\n<p>Chile no es el \u00fanico pa\u00eds remecido por violentas protestas en los \u00faltimos meses a medida que el descontento social en muchos pa\u00edses ha alcanzado un punto cr\u00edtico, pero el hecho de que estas se hayan producido en un escenario de s\u00f3lido crecimiento econ\u00f3mico demuestra una falta de confianza en las instituciones, el gobierno y las empresas privadas, sugiri\u00f3 Constans.<\/p>\n<p>Chile es la \u201cpunta de lanza\u201d en t\u00e9rminos de desarrollo en la regi\u00f3n, a\u00f1adi\u00f3, pero algunos pa\u00edses usan sus recursos de manera m\u00e1s eficiente que otros debido a su capital social, en otras palabras la forma en la que la gente trabaja para resolver problemas.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTenemos que trabajar como equipo hombro con hombro no d\u00e1ndonos codazos (\u2026) necesitamos poner lo bueno del pa\u00eds por encima de intereses privados o partidistas\u201d, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Constans.<\/p>\n<p>Las empresas privadas deben trabajar para reconstruir la confianza de la opini\u00f3n p\u00fablica tras los recientes esc\u00e1ndalos que involucraron pr\u00e1cticas crediticias abusivas e invertir en el bienestar de largo plazo de sus trabajadores, se\u00f1al\u00f3 el presidente de la CPC.<\/p>\n<p>En el campo de la educaci\u00f3n, las empresas deber\u00edan trabajar m\u00e1s estrechamente con las instituciones educacionales para garantizar que los alumnos graduados cuenten con las capacidades requeridas en el lugar de trabajo.<\/p>\n<p>Una fuerza laboral bien educada junto con una mayor productividad son esenciales si Chile pretende lograr su meta de convertirse en un pa\u00eds desarrollado en esta d\u00e9cada, pero enfrentado al pesimista panorama econ\u00f3mico global de la actualidad, su \u00e9xito depende m\u00e1s que nunca de la unidad de la naci\u00f3n y de un sentido de objetivo com\u00fan.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEl futuro de Chile est\u00e1 lleno de oportunidades, pero podr\u00edamos desaprovecharlas si dejamos que la incertidumbre y la desconfianza nos saquen del camino hacia una sociedad m\u00e1s inclusiva con una mejor calidad de vida para todos\u201d, concluy\u00f3 Constans.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Julian Dowling es Editor de bUSiness CHILE.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><!--:--><!--:en--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chile\u2019s main economic indicators give Chilean companies every reason to be optimistic about the future, but according to Lorenzo Constans, president of the Confederation for Production and Commerce (CPC), there is a danger that internal and external threats could undermine Chile\u2019s long-term growth.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Speaking at an AmCham breakfast at Santiago\u2019s W Hotel on September 1, Constans warned guests about the possible repercussions of a global economic slowdown for Chile\u2019s small, open economy. But an even greater threat, he said, is the country\u2019s lack of \u201csocial capital\u201d which has created a dangerously divided and distrustful society.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">From the macroeconomic perspective, Chile is in good shape. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is set to grow 6.5% this year while consumer spending will rise around 6.6% and investment 11%, according to the latest figures from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Exports and imports should rise 5.4% and 8.5%, respectively, while inflation is projected to fall to 3.2% in 2012 after averaging 4% this year. Unemployment, meanwhile, remains steady around 7.2%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cThe signs are very positive,\u201d said Constans, noting that Chile\u2019s rapid economic recovery after the global financial crisis and the earthquake on February 27, 2010, is based on its solid macroeconomic policies and well-capitalized banking system.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cDespite the recent increase in external debt, Chilean banks remain well financed with moderate levels of external financing and there is no lack of liquidity,\u201d said Constans, quoting an IMF report.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In addition, Chile\u2019s per capita GDP \u2013 around US$15,000 \u2013 is the highest in Latin America and it is one of the world\u2019s top 20 economies in terms of foreign investment, receiving a total US$15 billion in 2010, up 17% from 2009.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chile has pursued a policy of trade openness since the 1990s and, as a result, exports have grown to over US$70 billion. In particular, the Free Trade Agreement with the United States, which came into force in 2004, has had a huge positive impact on bilateral trade in the last seven years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">There are some challenges, particularly for the mining sector, including high energy costs and a shortage of trained workers, but overall Chilean businesses are optimistic about the rest of 2011 and 2012, said Constans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The picture is not so rosy in the rest of the world though. A series of shocks including the earthquake in Japan in March, Standard &#038; Poor\u2019s downgrade of the US debt in August and the worsening EU debt crisis have the global economy teetering.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The risk is that this uncertain global climate could dampen demand for Chile\u2019s exports and hurt its future growth, warned Constans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cNot knowing how [the debt crisis] will end obviously has important repercussions for our country,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Still, there are things Chile can do to boost growth at home. These include implementing pro-competitiveness measures, removing barriers to entrepreneurship and diversifying exports. Employment and education are also key to long-term growth and more equitable income distribution, said Constans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But first Chile must rebuild its social capital, which means fostering trust.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chile is not the only country rocked by violent protests in recent months as social discontent in many countries has reached a tipping point, but the fact these have taken place in a scenario of strong economic growth demonstrates a lack of trust in institutions, government and private business, suggested Constans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chile is the \u201ctip of the spear\u201d in terms of the region\u2019s development, he added, but some countries use their resources more efficiently than others because of their social capital, in other words the way people work together to resolve problems.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cWe have to work as a team shoulder to shoulder, not elbowing each other\u2026 we need to put the good of the country above private or partisan interests,\u201d said Constans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Private businesses must work to rebuild the public\u2019s confidence after recent scandals involving abusive credit practices and invest in the long-term well-being of their workers, said the CPC president.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the field of education, companies should work closely with educational institutions to ensure students graduate with the skills needed in the workplace.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A well-educated workforce and higher productivity are essential if Chile is to achieve its goal of becoming a developed country this decade, but faced with the current gloomy global economic outlook its success depends more than ever on national unity and a sense of common purpose.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cChile\u2019s future is full of opportunities but we could miss out if we let uncertainty and mistrust take us off the path to a more inclusive society with better quality of life for all,\u201d concluded Constans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Julian Dowling is Editor of bUSiness CHILE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><\/p>\n<p>Los principales indicadores econ\u00f3micos de Chile dan a las empresas del pa\u00eds sudamericano toda la raz\u00f3n para estar optimistas sobre el futuro, pero a juicio de Lorenzo Constans, presidente de la Confederaci\u00f3n de la Producci\u00f3n y del Comercio (CPC), existe el peligro de que las amenazas internas y externas puedan socavar el crecimiento de largo plazo de Chile.<\/p>\n<p><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-4648","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - 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