{"id":4618,"date":"2011-09-01T15:52:39","date_gmt":"2011-09-01T15:52:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-03-17T17:16:51","modified_gmt":"2015-03-17T20:16:51","slug":"de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica <!--:--><!--:en-->From Defense to Security Policy <!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Para la peque\u00f1a y abierta econom\u00eda de Chile, la globalizaci\u00f3n sin duda ha tra\u00eddo muchos beneficios, pero -a juicio del ministro de Defensa de Chile, Andr\u00e9s Allamand- tambi\u00e9n ha tra\u00eddo consigo una nueva responsabilidad de contribuir a mitigar las amenazas que comparten los pa\u00edses alrededor del mundo y que son inherentes al \u201clado oscuro\u201d de la globalizaci\u00f3n. O, dicho de otra forma, avanzar desde una pol\u00edtica de defensa tradicional hacia una pol\u00edtica de seguridad. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">En el marco de un desayuno de AmCham celebrado el 12 de agosto, el ministro Allamand explic\u00f3 la diferencia entre ambas. La defensa, sostuvo, se trata de protegerse contra una potencial amenaza militar presentada por una fuente claramente definida e identificada, mientras que la seguridad tiene que ver con amenazas cuya naturaleza es m\u00e1s diversa y m\u00e1s difusa. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Los ejemplos t\u00edpicos de este \u00faltimo tipo de amenazas son el terrorismo, el tr\u00e1fico de drogas y el crimen organizado. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de las definiciones modernas tambi\u00e9n incluyen cuestiones como la seguridad del abastecimiento energ\u00e9tico -que en la actualidad es una preocupaci\u00f3n vital para Chile- y vulnerabilidades tales como la pobreza extrema, la inequidad y la inmigraci\u00f3n ilegal. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Estos riesgos no solo est\u00e1n interconectados -vinculados por su capacidad de socavar instituciones- sino que tambi\u00e9n trascienden las fronteras e instan a una cooperaci\u00f3n internacional. Como resultado, las pol\u00edticas de defensa nacional como se entend\u00edan de manera tradicional ya no son suficientes para un pa\u00eds integrado con el resto del mundo, asever\u00f3 el ministro Allamand. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">La pol\u00edtica de defensa de Chile ha sido clara desde hace mucho tiempo. \u201cComo a menudo enfatiza el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, no tenemos ninguna atenci\u00f3n agresiva hacia ning\u00fan otro pa\u00eds o reclamos territoriales en contra de nuestros vecinos\u201d, afirm\u00f3 Allamand, \u201cpero s\u00ed tenemos una capacidad militar defensiva y disuasiva\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">No obstante, ahora tal como otros pa\u00edses -Brasil en el 2008, Australia en el 2009, el Reino Unido en el 2010 y, m\u00e1s recientemente, Espa\u00f1a- Chile est\u00e1 revisando su pol\u00edtica de defensa a la luz de estos riesgos menos tradicionales y sus responsabilidades internacionales. Los resultados, que se espera sean publicados este a\u00f1o, servir\u00e1n como base para una discusi\u00f3n abierta, que incluya no solo el Congreso sino que tambi\u00e9n a la comunidad acad\u00e9mica y, por ejemplo, asociaciones comerciales, prometi\u00f3 Allamand.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Las amenazas a la seguridad no son tan remotas como parecen, advirti\u00f3 a los socios de la AmCham y sus invitados presentes en el desayuno. Una raz\u00f3n de ello es que \u201csomos parte de Am\u00e9rica Latina\u201d, afirm\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Pese al crecimiento y la estabilidad de los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, las instituciones en muchos pa\u00edses latinoamericanos siguen siendo fr\u00e1giles, destac\u00f3. Y, medida seg\u00fan la tasa de homicidios, es la regi\u00f3n m\u00e1s violenta del mundo. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Y, en el caso de Chile, las amenazas se est\u00e1n acercando, resalt\u00f3. Los esfuerzos de Colombia por aumentar su seguridad han significado un desplazamiento hacia el sur de las plantaciones de coca que entregan la materia prima para la coca\u00edna. Ellas se han trasladado hacia Per\u00fa y Bolivia o, en otras palabras, justo al lado de Chile, hizo hincapi\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">En consecuencia, el tr\u00e1fico de drogas tambi\u00e9n se ha desplazado hacia el sur. \u201cY eso obviamente no es solamente un problema de la polic\u00eda\u201d, sugiri\u00f3 Allamand.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">En ese contexto, la larga frontera de Chile -que cuenta con relativamente pocos pasos fronterizos formales- constituye una creciente preocupaci\u00f3n. M\u00e1s a\u00fan, los denominados corredores bioce\u00e1nicos -tramos viales y ferroviarios que se extienden a trav\u00e9s de la regi\u00f3n desde el oc\u00e9ano Atl\u00e1ntico al oc\u00e9ano Pac\u00edfico- que se est\u00e1n construyendo para facilitar el intercambio comercial, facilitan de igual forma las actividades il\u00edcitas, advirti\u00f3. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">En Chile, los controles fronterizos son manejados por la polic\u00eda de acuerdo con las instrucciones del Ministerio del Interior, en lugar de por las Fuerzas Armadas y el Ministerio de Defensa. \u201cPero se necesita mucha m\u00e1s protecci\u00f3n\u201d, admiti\u00f3 Allamand, quien identific\u00f3 a estos como un \u00e1rea en que las Fuerzas Armadas pueden contribuir en un rol secundario. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">El terrorismo, que en apariencia es una amenaza remota en Chile, tambi\u00e9n requiere ser considerado, a\u00f1adi\u00f3. \u201cEsta cada vez m\u00e1s claro que el terrorismo est\u00e1 mutando desde una amenaza impuesta por organizaciones como Al Qaeda o, por ejemplo, las FARC a uno presentada por individuos\u201d, sostuvo. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Tome, por ejemplo, el atentado sufrido por Noruega a fines de julio. La naci\u00f3n europea no se salv\u00f3 por su estatus como uno de los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s desarrollados del mundo o su alto nivel de equidad y protecci\u00f3n de los derechos civiles, destac\u00f3 el ministro Allamand. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Otro tema emergente en materia de seguridad es la protecci\u00f3n de los recursos naturales. \u201cEn la historia de la humanidad, ellos siempre han sido una fuente de conflicto entre pa\u00edses\u201d, dijo el personero de Gobierno a los miembros de AmCham.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Brasil, por ejemplo, ha definido la protecci\u00f3n y el desarrollo sustentable del Amazonas como parte de su nueva estrategia de seguridad. \u201cDecidi\u00f3 que tiene una reserva estrat\u00e9gica que garantiza su posibilidad de emerger en el futuro como una potencia a escala mundial\u201d, resalt\u00f3 el ministro. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">La seguridad, en otras palabras, se ha convertido en un tema no s\u00f3lo de defensa de la soberan\u00eda territorial de un pa\u00eds. Sino que ahora es tambi\u00e9n el tema mucho m\u00e1s amplio del marco al interior del cual los pa\u00edses -y sus empresas- pueden ir tras el crecimiento y el desarrollo de manera segura. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">Ruth Bradley trabaja como periodista freelance en Santiago y es ex editora de bUSiness CHILE. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--:--><!--:en--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">For Chile\u2019s small, open economy, globalization has undoubtedly brought many benefits but also, according to Defense Minister Andr\u00e9s Allamand, a new responsibility to contribute to mitigating the threats, shared by countries around the world, that are inherent in globalization\u2019s \u201cdark side\u201d. Or, in other words, to advance from a traditional defense policy to a security policy. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Speaking at an AmCham breakfast on August 12, Minister Allamand explained the difference. Defense, he said, is about guarding against a potential military threat posed by a clearly defined and identified source whereas security is about threats whose nature is both more diverse and more diffuse. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">The typical examples of the latter threats are terrorism, drug trafficking and organized crime. Most modern definitions, however, also include matters like energy supply security &#8211; currently a key concern for Chile &#8211; and vulnerabilities such as extreme poverty or inequality and illegal immigration. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">These risks are not only interconnected &#8211; linked by their capacity to undermine institutions &#8211; but also cut across borders and call for international cooperation. As a result, national defense policies as traditionally understood no longer suffice for a country integrated with the rest of the world, said Minister Allamand. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Chile\u2019s defense policy has long been clear. \u201cAs the Foreign Ministry often points out, we have no aggressive intentions towards any other country or territorial claims against our neighbors,\u201d said Allamand, \u201cbut we do have a defensive and dissuasive military capacity.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">But now, like other countries &#8211; Brazil in 2008, Australia in 2009, the United Kingdom in 2010 and, most recently, Spain &#8211; Chile is reviewing its defense policy in the light of these less traditional risks and its international responsibilities. The results, expected to be published next year, will serve as a basis for open discussion, including not only Congress but also the academic community and, for example, business associations, promised Allamand. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Security threats aren\u2019t as remote as they seem, he warned AmCham members and their guests at the breakfast. One reason, he said, is that \u201cwe are part of Latin America\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Despite the growth and stability of recent years, institutions in many Latin American countries remain fragile, he noted. And, measured by the homicide rate, it is the world\u2019s most violent region. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">And, for Chile, the threats are getting closer, he noted. Colombia\u2019s efforts to increase its security have meant a southwards shift in the coca plantations that provide the raw material for cocaine. They have moved into Peru and Bolivia &#8211; or, in other words, just next door to Chile, he pointed out. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">As a result, drug trafficking has also shifted south. \u201cAnd that\u2019s obviously not just a police matter,\u201d suggested Allamand.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">In that context, Chile\u2019s long border, with relatively few formal crossing points, is an increasing concern. Moreover, the so-called bioceanic corridors &#8211; road and rail links stretching across the region from Atlantic to Pacific &#8211; that are being built to facilitate trade can, by the same token, facilitate illicit activities, he warned. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">In Chile, border controls are managed by the police under instructions from the Interior Ministry, rather than by the Armed Forces and the Defense Ministry. \u201cBut much more protection is needed,\u201d admitted Allamand, identifying this as an area in which the Armed Forces can contribute in a subsidiary role. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Terrorism, although an apparently remote threat in Chile, also needs to be considered, he added. \u201cIt is increasingly clear that terrorism is mutating from a threat posed by organizations like Al Qaeda or, for example, the FARC to one posed by individuals,\u201d he said. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Take, for example, the attack suffered by Norway in late July. It wasn\u2019t saved by its status as one of the world\u2019s most developed countries or its high level of equality and protection of civil rights, noted Minister Allamand. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Another emerging security issue is the protection of natural resources. \u201cIn the history of humanity, they have always been a source of conflict between countries,\u201d Allamand told AmCham members. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Brazil, for example, has defined the protection and sustainable development of the Amazon as part of its new security strategy. \u201cIt decided that it has a strategic reserve that guarantees its possibility of emerging in the future as a world-scale power,\u201d he pointed out. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;\">Security has, in other words, become a matter not only of the defense of a country\u2019s territorial sovereignty. <\/span><span lang=\"ES-CL\" style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;\">Instead, it is now the much broader matter of the framework within which countries &#8211; and their businesses &#8211; can safely pursue their growth and development. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ES-CL\" style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ES-CL\" style=\"color: #3c3a3a; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;\">Ruth Bradley is a freelance journalist based in Santiago and a former editor of bUSiness CHILE. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style='color: rgb(60, 58, 58); font-family: \"Verdana\",\"sans-serif\"; font-size: 8.5pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-CL;' lang=\"ES-CL\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-4618","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy  - AmCham Chile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy  - AmCham Chile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AmCham Chile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-03-17T20:16:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/noticia\\\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/noticia\\\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\\\/\",\"name\":\"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy - AmCham Chile\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2011-09-01T15:52:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-03-17T20:16:51+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/noticia\\\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/noticia\\\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/noticia\\\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/\",\"name\":\"AmCham Chile\",\"description\":\"C\u00e1mara Chilena Norteamericana de Comercio\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/amchamchile.cl\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy  - AmCham Chile","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy  - AmCham Chile","og_description":"&nbsp;","og_url":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/","og_site_name":"AmCham Chile","article_modified_time":"2015-03-17T20:16:51+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/","url":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/","name":"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy - AmCham Chile","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-09-01T15:52:39+00:00","dateModified":"2015-03-17T20:16:51+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/de-la-defensa-a-la-seguridad-publica\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"De la Defensa a la Seguridad P\u00fablica From Defense to Security Policy"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/","name":"AmCham Chile","description":"C\u00e1mara Chilena Norteamericana de Comercio","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/4618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/4618\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news_tax","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news_tax?post=4618"},{"taxonomy":"user_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/user_type?post=4618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}