{"id":3984,"date":"2008-07-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-07-01T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-01-27T15:25:58","modified_gmt":"2015-01-27T15:25:58","slug":"embalses-en-chile-siguen-por-debajo-de-su-capacidad","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/embalses-en-chile-siguen-por-debajo-de-su-capacidad\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->Embalses en Chile Siguen por Debajo de su Capacidad<!--:--><!--:en-->Chile\u2019s Reservoirs Still Below Capacity<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Los embalses hidroel\u00e9ctricos a\u00fan se encuentran muy por debajo de su capacidad, pese a las lluvias que afectaron a gran parte del pa\u00eds en mayo, seg\u00fan coment\u00f3 el ministro de Energ\u00eda, Marcelo Tokman, orador invitado al desayuno que organiz\u00f3 la AmCham el 1 de julio.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">\u201cA\u00fan estamos sintiendo los extremos efectos de la sequ\u00eda\u201d, dijo Tokman a los asistentes al desayuno. \u201cA\u00fan estamos en una situaci\u00f3n donde el potencial energ\u00e9tico de nuestros embalses es cerca de un 20% inferior a lo que ser\u00eda en un a\u00f1o normal\u201d.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">El a\u00f1o pasado fue el cuarto a\u00f1o m\u00e1s seco de los \u00faltimos cincuenta a\u00f1os en Chile, lo que exacerba los problemas energ\u00e9ticos clave del pa\u00eds. Si bien las fuertes lluvias que a fines de mayo causaron inundaciones en Santiago y en la VI y VII Regiones del pa\u00eds ayudaron a rellenar los embalses, no fue suficiente para contrarrestar del todo los efectos de la sequ\u00eda.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Y desde entonces, las lluvias han sido escasas en muchas \u00e1reas, agravando nuevamente el problema.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">\u201cEsta \u00faltima semana, por ejemplo, es una semana en la que usualmente tenemos mucha lluvia, pero este a\u00f1o tuvimos poqu\u00edsima\u201d, sostuvo Tokman. \u201cDesde Concepci\u00f3n al sur, nuestros embalses est\u00e1n por debajo de su capacidad\u201d.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Cerca del 40% de la capacidad de generaci\u00f3n de Chile corresponde a energ\u00eda hidroel\u00e9ctrica. Cuando los suministros de agua est\u00e1n bajos, el pa\u00eds tiene que depender en mayor medida del uso de combustibles f\u00f3siles, que son m\u00e1s costosos, m\u00e1s da\u00f1inos para el medio ambiente y m\u00e1s propensos a sufrir cortes de suministro.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">La campa\u00f1a de educaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica del Gobierno para generar conciencia sobre la necesidad de ahorrar energ\u00eda -por ejemplo- apagando luces y usando ampolletas de ahorro de energ\u00eda ha sido eficaz, indic\u00f3 el ministro Tokman a los miembros de la C\u00e1mara y sus invitados. Contribuy\u00f3 a reducir el consumo de electricidad en el trimestre comprendido entre marzo y mayo en un 5% respecto del mismo per\u00edodo del a\u00f1o pasado. S\u00f3lo en marzo -cuando el Gobierno lanz\u00f3 la campa\u00f1a- el consumo fue un 9,4% menor al proyectado, inform\u00f3.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Pero, con el precio del petr\u00f3leo en m\u00e1ximos hist\u00f3ricos y la continua amenaza de cortes al suministro de gas natural desde Argentina, los chilenos deben seguir atentos al uso que hacen de la energ\u00eda, advirti\u00f3.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">En este contexto, Chile continuar\u00e1 analizando el uso potencial de fuentes alternativas de energ\u00eda como la solar, la e\u00f3lica o la geot\u00e9rmica, indic\u00f3. En la actualidad, estas fuentes corresponden s\u00f3lo al 2,7% del suministro energ\u00e9tico del pa\u00eds, lo que se compara con un promedio mundial del 4%, pero debido a su geograf\u00eda, geolog\u00eda y clima hay un amplio consenso en cuanto a que Chile est\u00e1 maduro para su desarrollo.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">\u201cChile adem\u00e1s tiene muchos volcanes y muchos de ellos est\u00e1n muy activos\u201d, destac\u00f3 el ministro Tokman. Asimismo, si se consideran todos los fiordos e islas del sur, tiene cerca de 84.000 Km. de costa, lo que le da un enorme potencial para desarrollar energ\u00eda e\u00f3lica y aquella propulsada por el oleaje de las aguas. Y como el Desierto de Atacama, el m\u00e1s seco del mundo, se encuentra en su territorio, tambi\u00e9n tiene un gran potencial para la energ\u00eda solar.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Hay subsidios disponibles a trav\u00e9s de la Corporaci\u00f3n de Fomento de la Producci\u00f3n, Corfo, para financiar proyectos en estas \u00e1reas, destac\u00f3 el ministro Tokman. Y ahora est\u00e1 vigente una nueva legislaci\u00f3n sobre el uso de fuentes de energ\u00eda renovable no convencionales.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Esto obligar\u00e1 a todas las generadoras de electricidad del Sistema Interconectado del Norte Grande (SING) y del Sistema Interconectado Central (SIC), las dos principales redes el\u00e9ctricas del pa\u00eds, a garantizar que a partir del 2010 al menos un 5% de su producci\u00f3n provenga de tales fuentes. A partir del 2015, ese porcentaje aumentar\u00e1 en medio punto al a\u00f1o hasta llegar en el 2024 a un 10%.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">No obstante, es probable que Chile siga siendo vulnerable tanto a los altos costos del petr\u00f3leo como a las restricciones a las exportaciones de gas desde Argentina. Despu\u00e9s de todo, el pa\u00eds importa el 98% de su petr\u00f3leo, el 92% de su carb\u00f3n y el 74% de su gas natural; y la totalidad de este \u00faltimo proviene en la actualidad de Argentina.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">\u201cHemos visto lo que puede ocurrir cuando compras la totalidad de un producto en particular a un solo proveedor\u201d, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Tokman, refiri\u00e9ndose al suministro de gas natural de Argentina. Chile tiene contratos con Argentina para comprar unos 22 millones de metros c\u00fabicos de gas por d\u00eda, pero en hoy en d\u00eda recibe s\u00f3lo cerca de un 5% de esa cantidad.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">\u201cEstamos recibiendo entre 500.000 y un mill\u00f3n de metros c\u00fabicos por d\u00eda, dependiendo de las condiciones en Argentina\u201d, inform\u00f3 Tokman.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Y, empeorando a\u00fan m\u00e1s los problemas energ\u00e9ticos de Chile, una de las principales centrales el\u00e9ctricas del pa\u00eds, la central t\u00e9rmica Nehuenco I, ha estado fuera de funcionamiento por reparaciones desde diciembre y, seg\u00fan Tokman, seguir\u00e1 sin operar hasta septiembre. En otras palabras, m\u00e1s lluvia no vendr\u00eda mal.<\/P><!--:--><!--:en--><br \/>\n<!--break--><br \/>\nChile\u2019s hydroelectric reservoirs are still well below capacity, despite the rains which lashed much of the country in May, according to Energy Minister Marcelo Tokman, the guest speaker at an AmCham breakfast on July 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re still feeling the extreme effects of the drought,\u201d Tokman told the breakfast. \u201cWe\u2019re still in a situation where the energy potential of our reservoirs is around 20% less than it would be in a normal year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Last year was the fourth driest of the past half century in Chile, exacerbating the country\u2019s critical energy problems. While the heavy rain which caused flooding in Santiago and Regions VI and VII in late May helped replenish reservoirs, it was not enough to fully offset the effects of the drought.<\/p>\n<p>And since then, rainfall has been scarce in many areas, compounding the problem again.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis last week, for example, is one in which we usually get a lot of rain but this year we had very little,\u201d Tokman said. \u201cFrom Concepci\u00f3n to the south, our reservoirs are below capacity.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Around 40% of Chile\u2019s generating capacity is hydroelectric. When water supplies are low, the country has to rely more heavily on the use of fossil fuels, which are more expensive, more harmful to the environment and prone to cuts in supply.<\/p>\n<p>The government\u2019s public education campaign to raise awareness of the need to save energy by, for example, switching off lights and using energy-efficient light bulbs has been effective, Minister Tokman told Chamber members and their guests. It helped cut electricity consumption in the three months from March to May by 5% compared to the same period last year. In March alone &#8211; when the government launched the campaign &#8211; consumption was 9.4% lower than forecast, he reported. <\/p>\n<p>But, with the price of oil at record highs and the continual threat of cuts in supply of natural gas from Argentina, Chileans must continue to be vigilant about their use of energy, he warned.  <\/p>\n<p>In this context, Chile will continue to look at the potential use of alternative sources of energy such as solar, wind and geothermal power, he said. At the moment, these sources provide only 2.7% of the country\u2019s energy supply compared to a global average of 4% but, due to its geography, geology and climate, Chile is widely regarded as being ripe for their development.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChile also has a lot of volcanoes and a lot of them are very active,\u201d noted Minister Tokman. In addition, when all the fjords and islands of the south are taken into consideration, it has nearly 84,000 km of coastline, giving it enormous potential to develop wind and wave power. And, as home to the Atacama Desert, the world\u2019s driest, it also has great potential for solar power.<\/p>\n<p>Subsidies are available through the Chilean Economic Development Agency, CORFO, to finance projects in these areas, pointed out Minister Tokman. And new legislation on the use of non-conventional renewable energy sources is now in place. <\/p>\n<p>This will oblige all electricity generators in the SING and the SIC, the country\u2019s two main electricity networks, to ensure that, as from 2010, at least 5% of their output comes from such sources. From 2015, that percentage will rise by half a point a year until, by 2024, it reaches 10%.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, Chile is likely to remain vulnerable to both the high cost of oil and restrictions on exports of gas from Argentina. After all, it imports 98% of its oil, 92% of its coal and 74% of its natural gas &#8211; all of the latter, at present, from Argentina.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve seen what can happen when you buy all of a particular product from just one supplier,\u201d Tokman said, referring to the supply of Argentine natural gas. Chile has contracts with Argentina to buy some 22 million cubic meters of gas per day, but is currently receiving only around 5% of that amount.  <\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re receiving between 500,000 and a million cubic meters a day, depending on the conditions in Argentina,\u201d reported Tokman. <\/p>\n<p>And, making Chile\u2019s energy problems worse, one of the country\u2019s biggest electricity generators, the Nehuenco I thermal plant, has been offline for repairs since December and, according to Tokman, will remain out of action until September. More rainfall would not, in other words, come amiss.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">Los embalses hidroel\u00e9ctricos a\u00fan se encuentran muy por debajo de su capacidad, pese a las lluvias que afectaron a gran parte del pa\u00eds en mayo, seg\u00fan coment\u00f3 el ministro de Energ\u00eda, Marcelo Tokman, orador invitado al desayuno que organiz\u00f3 la AmCham el 1 de julio.<\/P><br \/>\n<P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\">\u201cA\u00fan estamos sintiendo los extremos efectos de la sequ\u00eda\u201d, dijo Tokman a los asistentes al desayuno.<!--:--><!--:en-->Chile\u2019s hydroelectric reservoirs are still well below capacity, despite the rains which lashed much of the country in May, according to Energy Minister Marcelo Tokman, the guest speaker at an AmCham breakfast on July 1.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-3984","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - 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