{"id":3910,"date":"2007-12-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-12-01T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-01-28T16:03:58","modified_gmt":"2015-01-28T16:03:58","slug":"a-medio-camino-hacia-el-desarrollo","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/a-medio-camino-hacia-el-desarrollo\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->A Medio Camino hacia el Desarrollo<!--:--><!--:en-->Halfway to Development<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><br \/>\n<!--break--><br \/>\nSoledad Alvear, la oradora invitada al desayuno de noviembre de la AmCham, no es una desconocida para la C\u00e1mara. Despu\u00e9s de todo, era la ministra de Relaciones Exteriores del presidente Ricardo Lagos cuando Chile concluy\u00f3 la negociaci\u00f3n de su Tratado de Libre Comercio con Estados Unidos.  <\/p>\n<p>Pero, en el desayuno de la AmCham, Soledad Alvear -ahora presidenta del Partido Dem\u00f3crata Cristiano y posible candidata presidencial para las elecciones que se realizar\u00e1n en Chile en el 2009- estaba ansiosa por mirar tanto hacia los desaf\u00edos del pa\u00eds a futuro como sus logros en el pasado. De hecho, parec\u00eda sugerir que estos desaf\u00edos y logros son a veces las dos caras de una misma moneda.<\/p>\n<p>Si bien Chile ha sido excepcionalmente exitoso en la reducci\u00f3n de la pobreza, a\u00fan tiene \u201cun serio problema\u201d con la distribuci\u00f3n del ingreso, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Alvear. Y aunque ha tenido \u00e9xito en incrementar el acceso a la educaci\u00f3n, a\u00fan tiene que afrontar la crucial tarea de elevar los est\u00e1ndares educacionales, a\u00f1adi\u00f3. <\/p>\n<p>Y, como un reflejo de estos desaf\u00edos pendientes, la movilidad social sigue siendo baja. En Chile, el 66% de los ni\u00f1os del d\u00e9cimo m\u00e1s rico de la poblaci\u00f3n se mantiene ah\u00ed mientras que, en Norteam\u00e9rica, la cifra llega a un mero 19%, dijo Alvear a los miembros de la AmCham y sus invitados. <\/p>\n<p>En otras palabras, Chile ha logrado mucho, \u201cpero s\u00f3lo vamos a medio camino\u201d, argument\u00f3. \u201cY para la pr\u00f3xima etapa del viaje \u2013para el salto al desarrollo- necesitamos tener una visi\u00f3n del tipo de pa\u00eds que queremos\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Eso es lo que tuvo Alemania despu\u00e9s de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, destac\u00f3, y m\u00e1s recientemente lo que -por ejemplo- Nueva Zelanda y Malasia han conseguido. \u201cY, en ese contexto, quisiera compartir con ustedes algunas preocupaciones\u201d, confes\u00f3 Alvear. <\/p>\n<p>En los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, ha habido un deterioro de la calidad de la pol\u00edtica en Chile, indic\u00f3. Disputas que acaparan titulares, pero que a menudo son triviales distraen la atenci\u00f3n del s\u00f3lido trabajo de bajo perfil que es la prioridad de muchos pol\u00edticos, mencion\u00f3. <\/p>\n<p>La visi\u00f3n de su partido apunta a que Chile debiera avanzar hacia un sistema menos presidencialista -entregando m\u00e1s facultades al Congreso- y colocar l\u00edmites para la reelecci\u00f3n, con el fin de garantizar la renovaci\u00f3n dentro del sistema pol\u00edtico. Y podr\u00eda resultar m\u00e1s conveniente para Chile tener un Congreso unicameral, en lugar de las dos c\u00e1maras actuales -la C\u00e1mara de Diputados y el Senado- de modo de acelerar el proceso legislativo, sugiri\u00f3 la presidenta de la DC. <\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s se mostr\u00f3 preocupada de que no todos los partidos pol\u00edticos en Chile estuvieran representados en el Congreso, instando a una reforma del sistema binominal que rige las elecciones de la naci\u00f3n. \u201cEn un sistema democr\u00e1tico, lo mejor es que las distintas fuerzas democr\u00e1ticas est\u00e9n representadas en el Parlamento; ah\u00ed es donde debiera llevarse a cabo el debate, no afuera\u201d, insisti\u00f3.  <\/p>\n<p>En lo que respecta a la econom\u00eda, el crecimiento s\u00f3lido y sostenido, por cierto, es esencial con el fin de alcanzar el desarrollo, seg\u00fan Alvear, ello exige innovaci\u00f3n y emprendimiento. Pero el Estado tambi\u00e9n podr\u00eda hacerlo mejor, argument\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNo podemos continuar trabajando con el Estado como est\u00e1 ahora\u201d, dijo en el desayuno. En un solo ejemplo, destac\u00f3 que en la actualidad hay un laberinto de 120 programas distintos de gobierno, operados por 25 instituciones diferentes, a trav\u00e9s de la cual las peque\u00f1as y medianas empresas del pa\u00eds tienen que encontrar su camino para el respaldo que, de hecho, estas entidades ponen a su disposici\u00f3n.  <\/p>\n<p>Y el crecimiento sostenido necesita ser sustentado no s\u00f3lo por una educaci\u00f3n de mejor calidad, sino que tambi\u00e9n por una mejor capacitaci\u00f3n en el lugar de trabajo, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Alvear, identificando esta \u00e1rea como una que requiere una reforma radical. \u201c\u00c9ste es un campo en el que tanto el sector p\u00fablico como el privado debieran trabajar codo a codo\u201d, asever\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Seg\u00fan Alvear, Chile necesita un Estado m\u00e1s s\u00f3lido y fuerte con el fin de dar el salto final hacia el desarrollo. Sin embargo, destac\u00f3 que el Partido Dem\u00f3crata Cristiano est\u00e1 en favor de entregar a la gente ca\u00f1as de pescar, m\u00e1s que pescado, e insisti\u00f3 en que este Estado m\u00e1s fuerte tambi\u00e9n debiera estar acompa\u00f1ado de una cooperaci\u00f3n p\u00fablico-privada mucho mayor a medida que Chile intenta incrementar su competitividad.<!--:--><!--:en--><br \/>\n<!--break--><br \/>\nSoledad Alvear, the guest speaker at AmCham\u2019s November breakfast, is no stranger to the Chamber. She was, after all, foreign minister under President Ricardo Lagos when Chile completed negotiation of its Free Trade Agreement with the United States.  <\/p>\n<p>But, at the AmCham breakfast, Soledad Alvear &#8211; now president of the Christian Democrat Party and a possible candidate in Chile\u2019s 2009 presidential race &#8211; was as anxious to look forward to the country\u2019s challenges as back at its past achievements. Indeed, she appeared to suggest that these challenges and achievements are sometimes two faces of the same coin.<\/p>\n<p>While Chile has been exceptionally successful in reducing poverty, it still has \u201ca serious problem\u201d with income distribution, said Alvear. And while it has successfully increased access to education, it still has to get to grips with the crucial task of raising educational standards, she added. <\/p>\n<p>And, reflecting these pending challenges, social mobility remains low. In Chile, 66% of the children of the richest tenth of the population stay there whereas, in North America, the figure reaches a mere 19%, Alvear told AmCham members and their guests. <\/p>\n<p>In other words, Chile has achieved a great deal \u201cbut we\u2019re only halfway there\u201d, she argued. \u201cAnd for the next stage of the road &#8211; for the leap to development &#8211; we need a vision of the type of country we want.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>That is what Germany had after World War II, she pointed out, and more recently what &#8211; for example &#8211; New Zealand and Malaysia have achieved. \u201cAnd, in that context, I\u2019d like to share some worries with you,\u201d confessed Alvear. <\/p>\n<p>In recent years, there has been a deterioration in the quality of politics in Chile, she said. Headline-grabbing, but often trivial, disputes distract attention away from the solid low-profile work that is the priority of many politicians, she said. <\/p>\n<p>Her party\u2019s view is that Chile should move towards a less presidential system, giving Congress more powers, and, in order to ensure renewal within the political establishment, place limits on re-election. And, she suggested, Chile might be better off with a single-chamber Congress, rather than the present House of Representatives and Senate, so as to speed up the legislative process. <\/p>\n<p>She also expressed concern that not all Chile\u2019s political parties are represented in Congress, calling for a reform of the country\u2019s binominal electoral system. \u201cIn a democratic system, it\u2019s best for the different political forces to be represented in parliament; that\u2019s where debate should take place, not outside,\u201d she insisted.  <\/p>\n<p>As regards the economy, strong and sustained growth is, of course, essential in order to attain development and, according to Alvear, that calls for innovation and entrepreneurship. But the state could do better too, she argued.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe can\u2019t continue working with the state as it is now,\u201d she told the breakfast. In one example, she pointed out that there is currently a maze of 120 different government programs, operated by 25 different institutions, through which the country\u2019s small and mid-sized enterprises have to find their way to the support that is, in fact, available to them.  <\/p>\n<p>And sustained growth needs to be underpinned not only by better-quality education but also by better workplace training, said Alvear, identifying this as an area in need of radical reform. \u201cThis is one field in which the public and private sectors should work together very closely,\u201d she urged.<\/p>\n<p>According to Alvear, Chile needs a stronger and better state in order to make the final leap to development. However, she stressed that the Christian Democrat Party is in favor of giving people fishing rods, rather than fish, and insisted that this stronger state should also be accompanied by much more public-private cooperation as Chile seeks to increase its competitiveness.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es-->Soledad Alvear, la oradora invitada al desayuno de noviembre de la AmCham, no es una desconocida para la C\u00e1mara. Despu\u00e9s de todo, era la ministra de Relaciones Exteriores del presidente Ricardo Lagos cuando Chile concluy\u00f3 la negociaci\u00f3n de su Tratado de Libre Comercio con Estados Unidos.<!--:--><!--:en-->Soledad Alvear, the guest speaker at AmCham\u2019s November breakfast, is no stranger to the Chamber. She was, after all, foreign minister under President Ricardo Lagos when Chile completed negotiation of its Free Trade Agreement with the United States.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-3910","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Medio Camino hacia el DesarrolloHalfway to Development - AmCham Chile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/a-medio-camino-hacia-el-desarrollo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Medio Camino hacia el DesarrolloHalfway to Development - AmCham Chile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Soledad Alvear, la oradora invitada al desayuno de noviembre de la AmCham, no es una desconocida para la C\u00e1mara. 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