{"id":3726,"date":"2006-10-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-10-01T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-01-29T17:40:35","modified_gmt":"2015-01-29T20:40:35","slug":"el-panorama-desde-lima","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/en\/noticia\/el-panorama-desde-lima\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->El Panorama Desde Lima<!--:--><!--:en-->The View from Lima<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><br \/>\n<!--break--><br \/>\nEl a\u00f1o pasado, luego de que Per\u00fa reviviera una queja sobre su frontera mar\u00edtima con Chile, las relaciones entre los dos vecinos empeoraron. Ahora, a poco menos de un a\u00f1o, suscribieron un tratado de libre comercio. Pero, aparte de ser un bienvenido signo pol\u00edtico de mejores relaciones, \u00bfqu\u00e9 significa el acuerdo para las empresas peruanas? Y \u00bfc\u00f3mo ven \u00e9stas a Chile y a las empresas chilenas que han invertido en Per\u00fa?<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9stas son algunas de las preguntas que bUSiness CHILE le hizo a Alan Kessel, presidente de la C\u00e1mara Nacional de Comercio, Producci\u00f3n y Servicios (Peruc\u00e1maras), una de las organizaciones empresariales m\u00e1s importantes de Per\u00fa. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfEs el nuevo acuerdo realmente un tratado de libre comercio (TLC) como se ha llamado en Chile? En Per\u00fa, ha sido descrito como una extensi\u00f3n del actual Acuerdo de Complementaci\u00f3n Econ\u00f3mica (ACE).<\/B> <\/p>\n<p>Es un TLC; la raz\u00f3n por la que ha sido llamado as\u00ed en Per\u00fa es simplemente porque no tendr\u00e1 que presentarse al Parlamento.<\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfCu\u00e1n importante es el acuerdo para las empresas peruanas?<\/B> <\/p>\n<p>Desde que el ACE entr\u00f3 en vigencia en 1998, el comercio bilateral se ha cuadriplicado con creces a USD 1.700 millones el a\u00f1o pasado y Per\u00fa ha sido el principal beneficiado. En 1997, nuestras exportaciones a Chile alcanzaron apenas unos USD 132 millones; el a\u00f1o pasado, la cifra fue de USD 1.100 millones. Pero el nuevo acuerdo no s\u00f3lo es bueno para Per\u00fa. Tambi\u00e9n facilitar\u00e1 la inversi\u00f3n chilena en Per\u00fa, que ya alcanza unos USD 4.200 millones, mientras que las empresas peruanas s\u00f3lo han invertido USD 20 millones en Chile.<\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 \u00e1reas cree se incrementar\u00e1n las exportaciones de Per\u00fa a Chile?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Hay oportunidades en agronegocios -por ejemplo, tenemos fruta que no est\u00e1 disponible en Chile o no en la misma \u00e9poca del a\u00f1o- y tambi\u00e9n hay potencial en las exportaciones de software dise\u00f1ado a la medida. \u00c9sa es un \u00e1rea que est\u00e1 bastante bien desarrollada en Per\u00fa y hay empresas que est\u00e1n apuntando al mercado chileno. <\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, el crecimiento de las exportaciones en esos sectores tambi\u00e9n implican una mayor inversi\u00f3n peruana en Chile. No me refiero a inversiones de la escala de -digamos- Falabella o Ripley, sino que a peque\u00f1as oficinas, que podr\u00edan ser varias. Y no nos olvidemos de la energ\u00eda. Per\u00fa est\u00e1 interesado en vender gas natural licuado (GNL) a Chile. <\/p>\n<p><B>Cre\u00eda que la prioridad era el mercado norteamericano&#8230;<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Mi percepci\u00f3n es que Chile quiere superar a Norteam\u00e9rica respecto del gas peruano. Para Chile resulta l\u00f3gico comprar gas a Per\u00fa, en lugar de adquirirlo de proveedores de lugares m\u00e1s distantes, y el acuerdo de cooperaci\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica que esperamos suscribir con Chile a mediados de Octubre podr\u00eda ayudar a adelantar el inicio de la producci\u00f3n de GNL en Per\u00fa, que actualmente est\u00e1 previsto para el a\u00f1o 2010.<\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfHay hostilidad en Per\u00fa hacia las inversiones chilenas?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>No, no en realidad. Por supuesto, hay cierta animosidad -y eso es en ambos sentidos- pero lo que los peruanos quieren son buenos productos, un buen servicios y confiabilidad, y eso -en general- es lo que las empresas chilenas entregan. Nadie va a dejar de comprar un buen producto porque es chileno.<\/p>\n<p><B>Pero las empresas chilenas no pueden invertir en puertos peruanos&#8230;<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Eso no es estrictamente cierto; las empresas chilenas ya operan servicios de remolque de anclaje en los puertos peruanos. Puede que haya ciertas restricciones en lo que respecta a la administraci\u00f3n portuaria, pero \u00e9sa es una decisi\u00f3n pol\u00edtica y mi interpretaci\u00f3n respecto del silencio del Presidente Garc\u00eda sobre el tema es que si los chilenos quieren invertir, no los detendr\u00e1n. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfCu\u00e1n importante es la disputa sobre la frontera mar\u00edtima?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Es muy importante, porque hay mucha gente que depende de la pesca. Creo que ambos pa\u00edses, como buenos hermanos, tienen que hacer concesiones y llegar a una soluci\u00f3n intermedia entre sus demandas.<\/p>\n<p>El intercambio comercial desempe\u00f1a un rol importante aqu\u00ed. Mientras m\u00e1s intercambio comercial haya, m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil ser\u00e1 para los pol\u00edticos anticuados fomentar el falso nacionalismo y causar problemas entre nuestros dos pa\u00edses. Europa nos ha dado un ejemplo en ese sentido y creo que la Presidenta Bachelet ha dado un paso muy importante y en la direcci\u00f3n correcta para dejar atr\u00e1s las dificultades del pasado.<\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfChile representa en cierto modo un modelo para los empresarios peruanos?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>En nuestras conversaciones, Chile surge una y otra vez como referencia. Si se habla de simplificar la burocracia, por ejemplo, normalmente se oyen comentarios como \u201ciniciar un negocio en Chile s\u00f3lo toma unos d\u00edas y aqu\u00ed demora tanto\u201d. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfEso no es irritante?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>No, nos simplifica el futuro. Si se ha demostrado que algo funciona, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 no aprovecharlo? Pero no se trata solamente de copiar; lo que haces es adaptar la idea. <\/p>\n<p><B>Se habla mucho sobre la colaboraci\u00f3n de Per\u00fa y Chile para abastecer a los mercados asi\u00e1ticos; \u00bftiene sentido?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Cuando estuve recientemente en Corea del Sur, la gente con que nos reunimos hablaba precisamente de la importancia de las s\u00f3lidas relaciones entre Per\u00fa y Chile. Est\u00e1n muy interesados en emplear a nuestros dos pa\u00edses como un centro para exportar a Brasil y Argentina, y en especial, en la idea de corredores bioce\u00e1nicos. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfQu\u00e9 hay de unir fuerzas para exportar?<\/B> <\/p>\n<p>En cuanto a productos agr\u00edcolas, somos bastante complementarios y, aunque competimos como productores mineros, eso no importa, porque Asia simplemente no puede conseguir suficientes minerales. Sin embargo, podr\u00eda haber ciertos conflictos en lo que respecta a productos manufacturados. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfVislumbra a compa\u00f1\u00edas chilenas y peruanas formando empresas de riesgo compartido?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9jeme contestar esa pregunta como empresario, m\u00e1s que como presidente de Peruc\u00e1maras; definitivamente me interesar\u00eda. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el panorama para la econom\u00eda peruana?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Este a\u00f1o, crecer\u00e1 cerca de un 7% y, aunque el gobierno proyecta una cifra cercana al 5% para el pr\u00f3ximo a\u00f1o, en Peruc\u00e1maras prevemos una expansi\u00f3n de alrededor del 6%. Las exportaciones, incluidas las de productos no tradicionales, est\u00e1n creciendo s\u00f3lidamente, pero quiz\u00e1s lo que es m\u00e1s importante es que la descentralizaci\u00f3n est\u00e1 comenzando a rendir resultados y, por primera vez en la historia de Per\u00fa, las regiones est\u00e1n creciendo m\u00e1s r\u00e1pidamente que Lima. Eso es, en parte, el resultado del desarrollo de las exportaciones del sector de agronegocios. <\/p>\n<p><B>\u00bfC\u00f3mo estima las posibilidades de que el Congreso de Estados Unidos apruebe el TLC con Per\u00fa?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Creemos que son bastante buenas. El propio Presidente Bush ha dicho que el acuerdo es muy importante para Estados Unidos y creo que eso demuestra la realidad ante quienes dicen que la administraci\u00f3n estadounidense no est\u00e1 interesada en Latinoam\u00e9rica.<\/p>\n<p><B>Y si no es aprobado&#8230;<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Eso ser\u00eda desastroso para Per\u00fa. Sin el TLC, las exportaciones no tradicionales y, particularmente, las textiles, que tienen un importante mercado en Estados Unidos, se ver\u00edan enormemente afectadas. En Diciembre caducan las ventajas que tienen en virtud de la ley de preferencias arancelarias andinas y, aparentemente, \u00e9stas no se renovar\u00e1n. Sin ellas o el TLC, ser\u00e1 muy dif\u00edcil para los productos peruanos competir en el mercado estadounidense.<!--:--><!--:en--><br \/>\n<!--break--><br \/>\nLast year, after Peru revived a complaint about its maritime border with Chile, relations between the two neighbors took a turn for the worse. Yet, less than a year later, they have signed a free trade agreement. But, apart from being a welcome political sign of better relations, what does the deal mean for Peruvian businesses? And how do they see Chile and the Chilean companies that have invested in Peru?<\/p>\n<p>These are some of the questions that bUSiness CHILE put to Alan Kessel, president of the National Chamber of Trade, Production and Services (Peruc\u00e1maras), one of the country\u2019s most important business organizations. <\/p>\n<p><B>Is the new agreement really a free trade agreement (FTA) as it\u2019s been termed in Chile? In Peru, it\u2019s been described as an extension of the existing Economic Complementation Agreement (ECA).<\/B><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s an FTA; the reason it hasn\u2019t been called that in Peru is simply because it would have meant submitting it to Parliament.<\/p>\n<p><B>How important is the agreement for Peruvian businesses?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Since the ECA came into force in 1998, bilateral trade has more than quadrupled to US$1.7 billion last year, and Peru has been the main beneficiary. In 1997, our exports to Chile reached only some US$132 million; last year, the figure was US$1.1 billion. But the new agreement is not only good for Peru. It will also facilitate Chilean investment in Peru, which already reaches some US$4.2 billion while Peruvian companies have only invested US$20 million in Chile.<\/p>\n<p><B>In what areas do you think Peru\u2019s exports to Chile will increase?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>There are opportunities in agribusiness &#8211; for example, we have fruit that isn\u2019t available in Chile or not at the same time of the year &#8211; and there\u2019s also potential in the export of tailor-made software. That\u2019s an area which is quite developed in Peru and there are companies eyeing the Chilean market. <\/p>\n<p>In addition, the growth of exports in those sectors would also mean more Peruvian investment in Chile. I\u2019m not talking about investments on the scale of, say, Falabella or Ripley but small offices of which there could be many. And don\u2019t let\u2019s forget energy. It\u2019s in Peru\u2019s interest to sell liquid natural gas (LNG) to Chile. <\/p>\n<p><B>I thought the priority was the North American market&#8230;<\/B><\/p>\n<p>My perception is that Chile wants to beat North America to Peru\u2019s gas. It\u2019s logical for Chile to buy from Peru, rather than from more distant suppliers, and the energy cooperation agreement we expect to sign with Chile in mid-October could help to bring forward the start of LNG production in Peru, which is currently scheduled for 2010.<\/p>\n<p><B>Is there hostility to Chilean investment in Peru?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>No, not really. Of course, there\u2019s some animosity &#8211; and that\u2019s two-way &#8211; but what Peruvians want are good products, good service and reliability and that, in general, is what Chilean companies provide. No one is going to stop buying a good product because it\u2019s Chilean.<\/p>\n<p><B>But Chilean companies can\u2019t invest in Peruvian ports&#8230;<\/B><\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s not strictly true; Chilean companies already operate mooring tug services in Peruvian ports. There could be some restrictions on port administration but that\u2019s a political decision and my interpretation of President Garc\u00eda\u2019s silence on the subject is that if Chileans want to invest, they wouldn\u2019t be stopped. <\/p>\n<p><B>How important is the maritime border dispute?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s very important because there are a lot of people who depend on fishing. I think that both countries, like good brothers, have to make concessions and reach a solution that\u2019s intermediate between their claims.<\/p>\n<p>Trade has an important role to play there. The more trade there is, the more difficult it will be for old-fashioned politicians to stir up false nationalism and cause problems between our two countries. Europe has set us an example there and I think that President Bachelet has taken a very important step in the right direction of putting the difficulties of the past behind us.     <\/p>\n<p><B>Is Chile something of a model for Peruvian businesspeople?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>In our conversations, Chile comes up time and time again as a reference. If you\u2019re talking about simplifying bureaucracy, for example, you typically hear comments like \u201cstarting a business in Chile only takes so many days and here it takes so many\u201d. <\/p>\n<p><B>Can\u2019t that get irritating?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>No, it simplifies our way forward. If something\u2019s been shown to work, why not take advantage of it? But you don\u2019t just copy; what you do is to adapt the idea. <\/p>\n<p><B>There\u2019s a lot of talk about Peru and Chile collaborating to supply Asian markets; does that make sense?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>When I was in South Korea recently, the people we met were talking precisely about the importance of solid relations between Peru and Chile. They\u2019re very interested in using our two countries as a hub for exporting to Brazil and Argentina and, especially, in the idea of bi-oceanic corridors. <\/p>\n<p><B>And what about joining forces to export?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>On agricultural products, we\u2019re pretty complementary and, although we compete as mining producers, it doesn\u2019t matter because Asia just can\u2019t get enough minerals. However, there may be some conflicts as regards manufactured products. <\/p>\n<p><B>Do you see Chilean and Peruvian companies forming export joint ventures?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>Let me answer that as a businessman, rather than president of Peruc\u00e1maras &#8211; I\u2019d definitely be interested. <\/p>\n<p><B>What\u2019s the outlook for the Peruvian economy?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>This year, it\u2019s going to grow by around 7% and, although the government is forecasting a figure of close to 5% next year, at Peruc\u00e1maras we expect nearer to 6%. Exports, including non-traditional products, are growing strongly but what\u2019s perhaps most important is that decentralization is starting to yield results and, for the first time in Peru\u2019s history, the regions are growing more quickly than Lima. That\u2019s partly the result of the development of agribusiness exports. <\/p>\n<p><B>How do you see the prospects for approval of Peru\u2019s FTA with the United States by the U.S. Congress?<\/B><\/p>\n<p>We think they\u2019re very good. President Bush himself has said that the agreement is very important for the U.S. and I think that gives the lie to those who say the administration isn\u2019t interested in Latin America.<\/p>\n<p><B>And if it doesn\u2019t get through&#8230;<\/B><\/p>\n<p>That would be a disaster for Peru. Without the FTA, non-traditional exports and, particularly, textiles, which have an important market in the U.S., would suffer enormously. In December, the advantages they have under the Andean Trade Preference Act expire and, apparently, won\u2019t be renewed. Without those or the FTA, Peruvian products would find it very difficult to compete in the U.S. market.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es-->El a\u00f1o pasado, luego de que Per\u00fa reviviera una queja sobre su frontera mar\u00edtima con Chile, las relaciones entre los dos vecinos empeoraron. Ahora, a poco menos de un a\u00f1o, suscribieron un tratado de libre comercio. Pero, aparte de ser un bienvenido signo pol\u00edtico de mejores relaciones, \u00bfqu\u00e9 significa el acuerdo para las empresas peruanas? Y \u00bfc\u00f3mo ven \u00e9stas a Chile y a las empresas chilenas que han invertido en Per\u00fa?<!--:--><!--:en-->Last year, after Peru revived a complaint about its maritime border with Chile, relations between the two neighbors took a turn for the worse. Yet, less than a year later, they have signed a free trade agreement. But, apart from being a welcome political sign of better relations, what does the deal mean for Peruvian businesses? And how do they see Chile and the Chilean companies that have invested in Peru?<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news_tax":[],"user_type":[],"class_list":["post-3726","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>El Panorama Desde LimaThe View from Lima - AmCham Chile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amchamchile.cl\/noticia\/el-panorama-desde-lima\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El Panorama Desde LimaThe View from Lima - AmCham Chile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El a\u00f1o pasado, luego de que Per\u00fa reviviera una queja sobre su frontera mar\u00edtima con Chile, las relaciones entre los dos vecinos empeoraron. Ahora, a poco menos de un a\u00f1o, suscribieron un tratado de libre comercio. Pero, aparte de ser un bienvenido signo pol\u00edtico de mejores relaciones, \u00bfqu\u00e9 significa el acuerdo para las empresas peruanas? Y \u00bfc\u00f3mo ven \u00e9stas a Chile y a las empresas chilenas que han invertido en Per\u00fa?Last year, after Peru revived a complaint about its maritime border with Chile, relations between the two neighbors took a turn for the worse. Yet, less than a year later, they have signed a free trade agreement. But, apart from being a welcome political sign of better relations, what does the deal mean for Peruvian businesses? 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Ahora, a poco menos de un a\u00f1o, suscribieron un tratado de libre comercio. Pero, aparte de ser un bienvenido signo pol\u00edtico de mejores relaciones, \u00bfqu\u00e9 significa el acuerdo para las empresas peruanas? Y \u00bfc\u00f3mo ven \u00e9stas a Chile y a las empresas chilenas que han invertido en Per\u00fa?Last year, after Peru revived a complaint about its maritime border with Chile, relations between the two neighbors took a turn for the worse. Yet, less than a year later, they have signed a free trade agreement. But, apart from being a welcome political sign of better relations, what does the deal mean for Peruvian businesses? 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